CONTENTS:

PREFACE 

CHAPTER I. SETTLEMENT AND ORGANIZATION OF OHIO COUNTY.
QUIET ON THE BORDERS INTERRUPTED--TROUBLES BETWEEN THE MOTHER COUNTRY AND 
THE COLONIES--CONVENTION OF 1775--BOUNDARIES OF WEST AUGUSTA--BOUNDARIES 
OF OHIO COUNTY--BLACK'S CABIN--PROMINENT EARLY SETTLERS--WEST LIBERTY--
FIRST COURT ESTABLISHED--DAVID SHEPHERD APPOINTED LIEUTENANT COMMANDANT--
EXTRACTS FROM EARLY RECORDS--BOUNDARY BETWEEN OHIO AND YOUGHIOGHENY 
COUNTIES DEFINED--BILL OF SALE--FIRST MARRIAGE LICENSE--RATES FOR ORDINARY 
KEEPERS--PLAN FOR COURT HOUSE--REMOVAL OF COUNTY SEAT TO WHEELING. 

CHAPTER II. INDIAN DEPREDATIONS--MURDERS AND INCIDENTS. 

CHAPTER III. LIFE AMONG THE EARLY SETTLERS.
BUILDING OF THE LOG CABIN--ONE HUNDRED YEARS AGO--SPORTS AND AMUSEMENTS--
CHARACTERS OF THE SETTLERS--SOME INCONVENIENCES TO WHICH THE SETTLERS WERE 
SUBJECTED. 

CHAPTER IV. EARLY METHODS OF OVERLAND TRANSPORTATION.
CESSION OF NORTHWESTERN TERRITORY--CONSTRUCTION OF NATIONAL ROAD--THE 
STAGE COACH--STAGE COACH LINES AND NAMES OF OLD DRIVERS--PACK HORSES--THE 
CONESTOGA WAGON--"REGULARS" AND "MILITIA." 

CHAPTER V. PRIMITIVE MAIL TRANSPORTATION AND THE WATER HIGHWAYS.
LETTERS--LETTER WRITING--PRIMITIVE POSTS--FIRST POSTMASTER IN AMERICA--
FIRST POSTMASTER IN WHEELING COMMISSIONED--OHIO PACKET BOATS--FLAT-BOATS 
AND KEEL-BOATS--MIKE FINK, "THE BULLY OF THE BOATMEN"--FIRST STEAMBOAT 
BUILT IN WHEELING--STEAMBOATS BUILT IN WHEELING PRIOR TO AND INCLUSIVE OF 
THE YEAR 1835. 

CHAPTER VI. CONFLICTING TERRITORIAL CLAIMS OF PENNSYLVANIA AND VIRGINIA.
BASIS OF CLAIMS--RIVAL LAND OFFICES--DR. JOHN CONNOLLY APPOINTED VICE-
GOVERNOR OF THE DISTRICT OF WEST AUGUSTA--PROCLAMATION OF LORD DUNMORE--
ARBITRARY ACTS OF THE VICE-GOVERNOR--MEMORIALS TO CONGRESS AND TO THE 
HOUSE OF DELEGATES OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF VIRGINIA--EFFORTS TO SETTLE 
THE DISPUTES--MEETING OF COMMISSIONERS FROM VIRGINIA AND PENNSYLVANIA--
THEIR SETTLEMENT OF THE DIFFICULTIES RATIFIED. 

CHAPTER VII. MASON AND DIXON'S LINE. 

CHAPTER VIII. SETTLEMENT OF THE CITY OF WHEELING.
THE EARLY PIONEERS OF THIS REGION--FORT FINCASTLE--EBENEZER, JONATHAN AND 
SILAS ZANE, THE FIRST WHITE SETTLERS ON PRESENT SITE OF WHEELING--THEIR 
TOMAHAWK CLAIMS MARKED OUT--MRS. EBENEZER ZANE--ARRIVAL OF OTHER SETTLERS--
FRIENDSHIPS WITH INDIANS--TRANQUILITY OF THE REGION INTERRUPTED--MASSACRE 
OF INDIANS AT YELLOW CREEK--DUNMORE'S WAR--FORTIFICATION OF THE SETTLEMENT 
AT MOUTH OF WHEELING CREEK--DESCRIPTION OF THE FORT. 

CHAPTER IX. FORT HENRY BESIEGED.
THE BLOODY YEAR--THE FIRST ATTACK ON THE FORT SUCCESSFULLY REPULSED--
DEVASTATION WROUGHT BY THE SAVAGES--CAPTAIN FORMAN AND HIS MEN--MAJ. 
SAMUEL MCCULLOCH'S LEAP--INDIAN COUNCIL AT CHILLICOTHE--SECOND ATTACK ON 
FORT HENRY UNSUCCESSFUL--COL. EBENEZER ZANE'S CABIN--GUNPOWDER EXPLOIT--
DANIEL SULLIVAN--SULLIVAN'S SPRING. 

CHAPTER X. WHEELING AS A TOWN AND CITY. PART A and PART B
INCORPORATED--ORIGINAL SURVEYS--DESCRIPTION OF EARLY WHEELING--
TOPOGRAPHICAL, GEOGRAPHICAL AND CLIMATIC CHARACTERISTICS OF WHEELING IN 
1803--DISEASES INCIDENT TO THE NEW SETTLEMENT--IDENTIFIED LOCALITIES IN 
1815--OUR MARKET HOUSE--EARLY RACING AND RACE COURSES--THE CITY AS A U. S. 
PORT OF ENTRY--CUSTOM HOUSE--CITY WATER WORKS--TOWN CLOCK--MILITARY 
COMPANIES--WASHINGTON HALL--TRANSIT BETWEEN THE CITY AND ISLAND--WHEELING 
& BELMONT BRIDGE COMPANY--THE GAS COMPANY--KNOW NOTHING PARTY--PRINTING 
ESTABLISHMENTS--THE PRESS--PANHANDLE RAILROAD--OLD RESIDENTS. 

CHAPTER XI. OHIO COUNTY IN THE WAR OF 1812. 

CHAPTER XII. THE REBELLION.
EVENTS LEADING TO THE CONVENTION OF DELEGATES FROM WESTERN VIRGINIA IN 
WHEELING--THE RESTORED GOVERNMENT OF VIRGINIA--PROGRESS OF THE WAR--COST 
OF LIVING--SUCCESSIONISTS IN WHEELING. 

CHAPTER XIII. NOTABLE OCCURRENCES.
FLOODS IN THE OHIO RIVER--THE FEARFUL RAVAGES OF CHOLERA IN WHEELING--
GENERAL LAFAYETTE'S VISIT TO WHEELING--DANIEL WEBSTER'S VISIT TO WHEELING--
JENNY LIND'S VISIT TO WHEELING--THE EARTHQUAKE VOLUNTEERS--TRI-STATE 
REUNION. 

CHAPTER XIV. EDUCATION.
EARLY TEACHERS--SOME OF THE EARLY SCHOOLS--LANCASTERIAN ACADEMY--NOAH 
LINSLY--THE LANCASTERIAN SYSTEM--THE PUBLIC SCHOOL SYSTEM UNER THE OLD 
REGIME. 

CHAPTER XV. BENCH AND BAR.
THE OLD WHEELING COURT HOUSE--SOME OF THE EARLY MEMBERS OF THE BAR--THE 
SECOND COURT HOUSE--PROMINENT ATTORNEYS--THE BENCH--THE PRESENT COURT 
HOUSE--PHILIP DODDRIDGE. 

CHAPTER XVI. OLD PHYSICIANS OF WHEELING. 

CHAPTER XVII. CHURCHES AND BENEVOLENT ORGANIZATIONS.
CHURCHES AND RELIGIOUS SOCIETIES OF THE COUNTY AND CITY--FIRST SABBATH-
SCHOOL IN WHEELING--CHILDREN'S HOME OF THE CITY OF WHEELING. 

CHAPTER XVIII. SILENT CITIES OF THE DEAD. 

CHAPTER XIX. MRS. LYDIA CRUGER AND MONUMENT PLACE. 

CHAPTER XX. DISTRICTS, COURTS, OFFICES AND STATISTICS OF OHIO COUNTY. 

CHAPTER XXI. MANUFACTURIES, INDUSTRIES AND BANKS. 

BIOGRAPHICAL--REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS
   [WebRoots.org Note: Biographries are not in alphabetical order. Use
   our Search All Library Items to find people. Each Bio file is about
   100k in size]
   BIOGRAPHIES 1-13




PREFACE
 
   The aim of the publishers of this volume has been to secure for the 
historic portion thereof full and accurate information respecting all 
subjects therein treated, and to present the data thus gathered in a clear 
and impartial manner. If, as is their hope, they have succeeded in this 
endeavor, the credit is mainly die to the diligent and exhaustive research 
of that well-known resident of Ohio county, Hon. Gibson Lamb Cranmer, of 
Wheeling, whose high character and recognized ability as a member of the 
bar of Ohio county have brought him prominently before the people of the 
Mountain State. His patient and conscientious labor in the compilation and 
presentation of facts is shown in the historical portion of this volume, 
This record gives an elaborate description of the land, it aboriginal 
occupants and its first settlements, and a comprehensive account of the 
organization of the county, and of the leading events in the stages of its 
development from 1776 to the present time, as set forth in the table of 
contents. Certain subjects which Judge Cranmer hoped to introduce have 
been omitted for lack of requisite data, but all topics and occurrences 
are included which are essential to the usefulness of the history. 
Although the purpose of the author was to limit the narrative to the close 
of 1900, he has deemed it proper to touch on some matters overlapping that 
period. For any possible errors that may occur in the work, the indulgence 
of our readers is asked.

   The reviews of resolute and strenuous lives, which make up the 
biographical department of the volume, and whose authorship is independent 
of that of the history, are admirably adapted to foster local ties, to 
inculcate patriotism and to emphasize the rewards of industry, dominated 
by intelligent purpose. They constitute a most appropriate medium of 
perpetuating personal annals and will be of incalculable value to the 
descendants of those therein commemorated. They bring into bold relief 
careers of enterprise and thrift and make manifest valid claims to 
honorable distinction. If "Biography is the only true History," it is 
obviously the duty of men of the present time to preserve in this enduring 
form the story of their lives in order that their posterity may dwell on 
the successful struggles thus recorded, and profit by their example. These 
sketches, replete with stirring incidents and intense experiences, will 
naturally prove to most of the readers of this book its most attractive 
feature.

   In the aggregate of personal memoirs, thus collated, will be found a 
vivid epitome of the growth of Ohio county, which will fitly supplement 
the historic statement; for the devolopment of the county is identified 
with that of the men and women to whom it is attributable. the publishers 
have endeavored in the preparation of the work to pass over no feature of 
it slightingly, but to give heed to the minutest details, and thus to 
ivnest it with a substantial accuracy which no other treatment would 
afford. The result has amply justified the care thus exercised, for in our 
belief no more reliable production, under the circumstances, could be laid 
before its readers.

   We have given special prominence to the portraits of representative 
citizens, which appear throughout this volume, and believe they will prove 
a most interesting feature of the work. We have sought to illustrate the 
different spheres of industrial and professional achievement as 
conspicuously as possible. To those who have kindly interested themselves 
in the successful preparatio of this work, and who have voluntarily 
contributed msot useful information and data, we herewith tender our 
grateful acknowledgment. 

THE PUBLISHERS 
Chicago, Ill., February, 1902. 


NOTE

   All the biographical sketches published in this volume were submitted 
to their respective subjects, or to the subscribers, from whom the facts 
were primarily obtained, for their approval or correction before going to 
press; and a reasonable time was allowed in each for the return of the 
type-written copies. Most of them were returned to us within the time 
allotted, or before the work was printed, after being corrected or 
revised; and these may therefore be regarded as reasonably accurate.

   A few, however, were not returned to us; and, as we have no means of 
knowing whether they contain errors or not, we cannot vouch for their 
accuracy. In justice to our readers, and to render this work more valuable 
for reference purposes, we have indicated these uncorrected sketches by a 
small asterisk (*), placed immediately after the name of the subject. They 
will all be found on the last pages of the book. [WebRoots.org Note: We did
not follow this convention]

BIOGRAPHICAL PUBLISHING CO.