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Intro
Part 1
Part 2
Part 3
Part 4
Part 5
Part 6
 

   Pioneers of Jackson County - Part 6

   LOWER SANDY VALLEY
   
   The large stream known as Big Sand Creek enters the Ohio River some
   miles below the mouth of the Little Kanawha, a few miles above the
   mouth of Mill Creek. Some miles from the river, a large branch known
   as the Left Hand Fork comes at nearly right angles, heading back to
   the north of Limestone hill.
   
   The basin drained by Big Sandy, as it is called in common parlance,
   contains an area of many square miles.
   
   It is about nineteen miles, by road, from the head of "Sandy", near
   the Stalnaker schoolhouse in Roane County, to Ravenswood, at the mouth
   of the creek, on the Ohio River.
   
   The distance by water is much greater, as there are two long cut_offs
   between the forks of the creek at Sandyville and the river.
   
   The soil of the Sandy valley is greatly diversified, much of it being
   extremely fertile, while another considerable amount is hickory and
   white oak land of medium quality, and some, especially in the lower
   valley, is a white, leachy, soapstone clay of little value for
   cultivation. This soil, with low crawfish bottoms and low rolling
   hills, and comparatively smooth "flats" and chalky "second bottoms",
   prevails as far up as Sandyville. About the mouth of Straight Fork,
   from Crooked Fork to Cherry Camp, the Mud Run flats, and for a mile or
   more up Trace Fork and the Right Hand Fork of the Main Creek. Near the
   mouth of the stream, much of the soil is almost a pure sand, hence the
   name of the creek.
   
   Next the head of Right Sandy and its numerous branches, the soil is
   fertile, but rough and hilly, while Left Sandy heads back in Limestone
   ridge, a region noted for the fertility and the endurance of its soil,
   its high, sheer, hills, "black waxy" clay, locust thickets, bluegrass,
   herds of cattle and flocks of sheep, and above all, for its orchards
   of apple and peach trees, which hardly ever fail to produce
   bountifully year after year. It is the wheat and fruit belt of the
   west central part of the state.
   
   All the Sandy valley was heavily timbered, oak, poplar, beech,
   hickory, maple, etc., being the prevailing species.
   
   Panthers, bear, deer, wolves and the smaller animals common to this
   region were plentiful when the country was first settled.
   
   One of the peculiarities of the Sandy valley, in the early days of its
   history, was a dreadful scourge which came to be called the "Sandy
   Fever". Just what it was, or the cause of it, has never been
   satisfactorily explained, but for a half century, it prevailed,
   numbering its victims by the score, sometimes blotting out a whole
   family in a few weeks, or, again, taking one here and other there.
   Scarcely a household in the valley escaped from a sacrifice to the
   plague. At times, say the old pioneers whose memories extend back to
   those unhappy visitations, the pestilence was so virulent that it
   attacked the cattle in the woods, many of whom were carried off by it,
   even calves after sucking a stricken dam, being seized with vomiting
   and dying in great agony. One old man with whom I talked claimed that
   the disease was often transmitted through the use of milk from
   diseased animals.
   
   Another theory advanced is that the epidemic was caused by poison in
   the water, which is probably the true solution of the dying of the
   cattle. There is a spring on the John Somerville farm, on the Brushy
   Fork of Left Sandy, far up among the limestone hills, in which some
   poisonous principle (supposed to be arsenic) is so abundant that
   cattle have to be fenced away from it in dry weather when the water is
   low. And there are, or used to be, places on Trace Fork and perhaps
   neighboring streams, that the people had to keep their stock away from
   the water a certain seasons of the year, although, when the streams
   were flush, the poison was so diluted as to be harmless. In this
   connection, I will mention that I have been told that "Patrick Bord
   was in knowledge of a lead mine in the south west bank of Sand Creek,
   not far from Sandyville, and about two feet under water". I think this
   was on the Right Fork. Pioneers used to get lead there, it is said,
   sufficiently pure to mould bullets for their rifles.
   
   The real "Sandy Fever" was probably malarial in its origin, and more
   prevalent, as well as more virulent, on Sandy than the neighboring
   streams, because of local conditions, such as lower altitude, sluggish
   and stagnant water, low, wet bottoms, assisted, perhaps, by poisonous
   mineral substances in the water when at a low stage.
   
   To this day, typhoid and malarial fevers are far more prevalent, and
   the death rate higher, on the waters of Sandy than on either Mill
   Creek or Reedy.
   
   The principal streams falling in to Sandy are, on the left, Lick Run,
   Straight Fork and Beatty's Run, and on the right _
   
   Crooked Fork, which heads against the west branch of Sycamore, and was
   so named as a "companion piece" for Straight Fork, which comes in from
   the north at Silverton, a little lower down the creek.
   
   Cherry Camp, Mud Run and Trace Fork, so called from an old Indian
   trail, which led up this stream, and down one of the upper branches,
   still known as Little Trace, and thence over to Reedy, and the Little
   Kanawha.


   WASHINGTON SURVEY
   
   The history of the Sandy valley begins with the voyage made by George
   Washington down the Ohio River, in October and November, 1770, for the
   purpose of selecting the lands which the Colony of Virginia, proposed
   to grant him as a renumeration for his services in the French and
   Indian war. There were two canoes in the party. The first was occupied
   by Col. Washington, Col. William H. Crawford, who was burned at the
   stake by the Delaware Indians, in 1781, Dr. Craik, Robert Bell,
   William Harrison, Charles Morgan, a boy named Rendon, and the
   interpreter, Joseph Nicholson. The second was full of Indians.
   
   On October 29th, 1770, the expedition was at the mouth of Big Sand
   Creek, of which Washington wrote in his journal:
   
   "Just below a pavement of rocks, on the west, comes in a creek with
   fallen timber at the mouth, on which the Indians say there are wide
   bottoms and good land. The river bottoms above, for some distance, are
   very good, and continue for nearly a half a mile below the creek."
   
   On the 6th of November, the party, which had gone as far as the Great
   Kanawha River, arrived at the mouth of Sandy on its return trip, which
   was then the site of the encampment of a hunting party of Indians, of
   the Six Nations, under Kiashutas, an old acquaintance of Gen.
   Washington's, with whom they stopped for the remainder of the day.
   (The Indian mentioned Guyasuta, a Seneca Chief.)
   
   The entry for this day in his journal was, in part _
   
   "This bottom, through which the creek comes, may be about four or five
   in length, and tolerable wide, grown up pretty much with beech, though
   the soil is good".
   
   And for the next day _
   
   "Wednesday 7th _ We set out at half an hour after seven, and, leaving
   the bottom through which the creek with the fallen timber at the mouth
   runs, and which I believe is called Buffalo Creek, we came to a range
   of hills, a mile or more in length, upon the river, etc."
   
   This is at the Roliff farm, explains C.L. Brown, in an interesting
   article in the Ravenswood News, in which he also contends that the
   "Cherokee Path" leaves the Ohio at the mouth of Mill Creek, instead of
   Big Sand Creek.
   
   The following spring, Col. Crawford returned under a commission as
   "Special Surveyor" of lands for Virginia soldier, his appointment
   having been secured by his friend, Col. Washington, and in return, he
   located several large bodies of the best land for the latter, among
   them a tract of two thousand four hundred and forty eight acres at the
   mouth of Big Sand Creek, described as "lying and being in the County
   of Boteourt, and bounded as followeth, to wit:
   
   Beginning at or near the upper end of the fourth large bottom on the
   east side of the Ohio, and about sixteen miles below the Little
   Kanawha, at a water oak and sugar tree standing on the river bank, at
   a point below a small run, and about six hundred yards below the point
   of an island, with all woods, underwoods, swamps, marshes, low
   grounds, meadows, feeding, and his one share of all veins, mines and
   quarries, as well discovered as not discovered, within the bounds of
   the aforesaid, and being part of the said two thousand four hundred
   and forty eight acres of land, and the rivers, waters and watercourses
   therein contained, together with the privilege of hunting, hawking,
   fishing, fowling, and all other profits, commodities and hereditaments
   whatsoever, to the same, or any part thereof, belonging or in anywise
   appertaining."
   
   Washington tried in 1794, owing to financial pressure, to sell all
   these lands, at the rate of three acres for $1.00. A year later, he
   raised the price to $5.00, and in 1797, to $8.00 per acre, but found
   no buyers. By a schedule affixed to his will, his nine thousand, seven
   hundred and forty four acres of land in the Ohio River bottom was
   valued at $97,440.00, and was divided by his executors among his
   numerous heirs.
   
   "The Ravenswood Bottom tract", says C.L. Brown, "fell to Thomas, Peter
   and Ann Ashton's heirs, the dividing line between them being now the
   north corporation line of the town of Ravenswood. Ephriam Wells bought
   all the land north of Ravenswood, being one thousand, four hundred and
   forty and a half acres, of said Peter, and then conveyed to Charles P.
   Wells the upper three hundred and seventy three acres, being the
   Proctor land, and to Bemont Hubbard, the three hundred and fifty one
   acres next below same (since the late Robert and William Park farms),
   and retained for himself the seven hundred and fifteen acres next to
   Ravenswood".
   
   John Nesselrode built the first cabin at the mouth of Sandy, not far
   from the year 1808.


   FLEMING FAMILY
   
   Bartholomew Fleming was a permanent settler at Ravenswood, in 1820. He
   is said to have had some kind of a lease, under the heirs of Gen.
   Washington, who owned the land. He kept a wood yard, to supply fuel to
   passing steamboats, and as early as 1831, kept a ferry across the Ohio
   River, which was licensed by the Virginia Legislature, in 1841, and in
   1844, he and Walter Holmes bought a wharf boat at Bull Creek, above
   Marietta, and brought it to this point. The wharfboat at Ravenswood is
   still (1906) in the hands of the Fleming family.
   
   The first voting place was at Mr. Fleming's house, and the first
   election held at the close of the Harrison's "hard cider campaign", in
   1840.
   
   The firm of "Fleming and Stanley", consisting of "Bartle" Fleming and
   David Stanley, was the second to open a mercantile trade in the
   village.
   
   Mr. Fleming was one of the most important business men Ravenswood ever
   had, and lived to the ripe age of eighty three years. He is well
   spoken of by those who remember him.
   
   As nearly as I can make out from numerous conflicting statements and
   memorand _
   
   Bartholomew Fleming married first Miss Seelye, and second, Hannah
   Warth, a daughter of John Warth.
   
   In the flood of 1832, Fleming took his wife out at the roof of his
   cabin, which was down on "the point".
   
   The town of Ravenswood was laid out in 1840. (This date is given by
   Nicholas, son of Henry Fitzhugh, the founder.)
   
   Some accounts say the first post office was established in 1846, with
   Thomas Atkinson as postmaster, and names Sandville (now Ravenswood) as
   the location.
   
   A sketch of Jackson County given in "A Gazzetteer of Virginia",
   published in 1833, mentions Reed's Post Office as situated ten miles
   north of Ripley. My conclusion is that Warren Reed, who lived at New
   Era at that time, was the first postmaster in Ravenswood District, but
   the post office of Sandville was at Sandyville, and not, as some
   records say, Ravenswood. Ravenswood is not mentioned in the Gazatteer
   for the good reason that there was no place of that name from three to
   seven years later.
   
   Had it been a village at all, it would have been Fleming's Ferry. The
   Atkinson post office may have been established in 1846.
   
   Joseph Holdren, George Warth, Bartholomew Fleming, Thomas Coleman,
   John Thorn, Thomas Slagle, and David Stanley purchased the first lots
   in the town.
   
   The first merchant was Joseph Holdren, in 1837, the second, Fleming
   and Stanley, and the third Henry Fitzhugh.
   
   The first sermon was at Fleming's house, by Rev. J. C. Brown, a
   Presbyterian minister, in 1834.
   
   The first church was the Methodist Episcopal, who had ministers and an
   organized class at Mr. Fleming's house as early as 1828.
   
   In 1845, the Rev. Sam Black organized a Southern Methodist Church.
   
   The first hotel was opened by Thomas Schlagle, in 1839.
   
   The first resident physician was Dr. James Henry, and the first
   blacksmith John Clark.
   
   The first sawmill was built by Henry Fitzhugh, in 1837, a set of buhrs
   for grinding being added in 1838.
   
   The first school in Ravenswood was taught by a man named Smith, in
   1837.
   
   There are two conflicting accounts as to the origin of the name
   Ravenswood. One is that Mrs. Payne named the village Ravensworth, in
   honor of relatives of that name in England, but somehow it was changed
   to Ravenswood, through a mistake in engraving a map of the state. The
   other that Mrs. Fitzhugh was an ardent admirer of the works of fiction
   being written by Sir Walter Scott, and gave the place its name from
   that of the hero in the "Bride of Lammermoor".)
   
   The first newspaper, not only of Ravenswood, but of Jackson County,
   was the Virginia Chronicle, first issued by W.P. Frost, September 1st,
   1853, and continued its publication until he went into the Union Army,
   in 1861.
   
   The second venture in this line was the Ravenswood Press, established
   by a Mr. Wells, of Athens County, Ohio, in 1866.
   
   In 1867, the Press was sold to S.R. Klotts, who two years later moved
   it to Cottageville, and then sold out to Mr. Huggins, who published it
   until 1870. In August, 1868, the West Virginia News, edited and
   published by Andrew Flesher and S.J. Gregory, made its first
   appearance, and under various managers has been issued continuously
   ever since, though known as the Ravenswood News for the past thirty
   years.


   FITZHUGH FAMILY
   
   The founder of Ravenswood, Henry Fitzhugh, was born in Fauquier
   County, Virginia, in 1783. He moved to Kanawha County in 1834, and
   engaged in the making of salt. He married Henrietta Fitzhugh, who was
   born in the District of Columbia, in 1789. She was daughter of Major
   Nicholas Fitzhugh and Sallie Ashton Fitzhugh. Sallie Ashton's mother,
   Ann Ashton, was a niece of General Washington. Thus, through the
   wife's inheritance, the Henry Fitzhughs came into possession of the
   land on a part of which Ravenswood now stands.
   
   Henry Fitzhugh moved to the land near the mouth of Big Sandy about
   1840, and lived in the vicinity until his death, in 1855. He was,
   during his life, one of Jackson County's leading citizens. They raised
   a large family of children, among whom were:
   
   George N. Fitzhugh.
   
   Theodore B. Fitzhugh.
   
   Mary H. Fitzhugh, married A. A. Quarrier.
   
   Henrietta Fitzhugh, married D. M. Barre, of Charleston.
   
   Sarah A. Fitzhugh, married J.F. Cotton.
   
   Nicholas Fitzhugh was born in 1823, attended Marietta College and
   Washington and Lee University. He was admitted to the Bar in Jackson
   County, but later moved to Charleston. He was in the Confederate Army,
   and a Delegate to he Continental Convention. He was twice married. His
   first wife was Martha D., daughter of Samuel Shrewsbury, and his wife
   Laura, was also a daughter of Samuel Shrewsbury. The wives'
   grandmother was also an heir of General Washington, her name being
   Harriet Washington.
   
   Children of Nicholas Fitzhugh were: Hugh, Edit and Norman.


   WELLS FAMILY
   
   Ephriam Wells had, in 1835, purchased the large tract of land above
   Ravenswood, which had been inherited from General George Washington,
   by the Parks, through Harriet Washington Parks. He had disposed of
   part of it, but retained for himself seven hundred and fifty one
   acres.
   
   Ephraim Wells was born in 1801, in Brooke County, and died in 1874. He
   married Margaret McIntire, and for many years held the position of
   Justice of the Peace, and member of the County Court. Of their
   children, I have:
   
   Charles P. Wells, who had purchased a part of the tract of his father.
   He had a son, J.D. Wells, and a daughter, who married Judge R.S.
   Brown.
   
   His father is said to have been named Absolom Wells.


   CLICK FAMILY
   
   Christopher Click, born in Germany, was a son of Christopher and
   Barbara Rabhold Click. He came first to Pennsylvania, and to
   Ravenswood in 1859. Their children were: Christopher, Henry, Andrew,
   George, Philip, Jacob and Sarah.
   
   Other early settlers in the vicinity of Ravenswood were the Stanleys,
   Rowleys and Andersons on Lower Sandy.
   
   William Flesher, at Silverton.
   
   Uriah Gandee, who lived "on the banks of the Ohio river above
   Ravenswood" in 1804, when his daughter, Susan Gandee Allen, was born.
   
   Eli Gandee, on Little Sandy.
   
   Shermans, at the mouth of Little Sandy.
   
   Tapley Beckwith, on the head of Bar Run, in 1830.


   ANDERSON FAMILY
   
   Many, many years ago, when the silence of the forest was yet unbroken
   by the sound of the woodsmans axe, while the wild animals and wilder
   redmen roamed hill and vale at will, in undisturbed security, Andrew
   Anderson left his home in New Jersey, to seek the adventures of a life
   in the unbroken wilderness of the Ohio Valley. He crossed the
   mountains and drifted down the "Beautiful River", as far as the Big
   Bend, below Ravenswood, where he established himself in a camp, made
   in the hollow of a huge sycamore tree which stood in the fertile Ohio
   bottom. This tree was his home for several years, while he hunted and
   trapped among the neighboring hills, raising corn enough to provide
   his Johnny cake, roasting ears, and hominy, and making occasional
   canoe voyages to some fort or station to dispose of his furs or
   venison ham, and lay in a supply of salt, powder and lead. Finally
   tiring of this solitary life, he left his strange, yet roomy and
   comfortable abode (it is said the hollow in the tree was sufficiently
   large to turn an eleven foot rail in), and moving further up the
   river, entered a piece of land, married and settled down for the
   remainder of his days, bringing up around him a large family, of
   hardworking industrious sons and daughters whose descendants are
   thickly scattered over Meigs and Jackson counties. So runs the family
   tradition.
   
   Here history comes in and relates a story, different, yet easily
   reconcilable, if one only knew how.
   
   In 1785, Captain Tilton and Judge Wood planted a colony (mostly
   Scotsmen) at Belleville.
   
   in 1787, Joel Dewey, Joseph Dewey, Stephen Sherrod and family, from
   Wyoming, Pennsylvania, Malcolm Coleman and family, from Carlisle,
   Pennsylvania, and Andrew Anderson, from Wheeling, joined the colony.
   
   Some years before the Belleville settlement, David Lee, a native of
   Pennsylvania, a famous hunter and trapper, had camped for a time on
   the banks of the stream which still bears his name, and , hunting
   until after Waynes treaty with the Indians at Greenville, in 1795,
   brought security to the frontier. He married a sister of the
   Andersons, and with peace, purchased a tract of land on Tygarts Creek,
   and raised a family of five sons and three daughters. Many of his
   descendants are still inhabiting that part of the state.
   
   Andrew Anderson may, like Lee, have visited this section before the
   building of the fort at Belleville, afterward returning to Wheeling,
   or he may have drifted to the wilds of the Big Bend forests from the
   colony, preferring this wild, free life to the companionship of his
   fellow men.
   
   Who he married has not been preserved, but it is known that he settled
   down to quiet farm life until swept away with the many victims of the
   Cholera Scourge that visited the Ohio Valley in 1832.
   
   Andrew Andersons children were:
   
   Joseph Anderson, married Nancy Stanley, a daughter of one of the early
   Sandy pioneers. He was married about 1822, and located on the creek
   one and half miles below the John Haynes farm, then the home of John
   Stanley, his wifes father.
   
   James Anderson (Jim), married Susy Hughes (it is said she was a niece
   of Jesse Hughes), and lived at the "Flatwoods", below Ravenswood.
   
   John Anderson, married a Boice.
   
   Andy Anderson, married a sister of Johns wife, and lived on Straight
   Fork. His son, Lewis, married Sydney Bishop.
   
   Polly Anderson, married John Woodruff, and lived near her fathers
   home, at Big Bend, Ohio. William Woodruff was one of their children.
   
   Sarah Anderson, married John Stanley, a brother of Joseph Andersons
   wife, and lived on Sandy, in the same neighborhood.
   
   Lizbeth Anderson, married Robert Pickens, of the Big Bend, Ohio, where
   they continued to reside. A son, Bartholomew Pickens, lived on Crooked
   Fork for a while before his death.
   
   Andrew Anderson had another daughter whose name my informant was
   unable to recall.
   
   Joseph Anderson married Nancy Stanley, about 1822. They lived a mile
   and a half above Haynes, and raised a family of four sons and four
   daughters.
   
   Elizabeth married Josiah Stanley, a son of James Stanley, and
   presumably her first cousin.
   
   Elmira (Miry) never married.
   
   Priscilla (Prissy) married first a Shannon, and second, Sanford
   Richards, who lives on Trace Fork.
   
   Mary married Bill Romine, and lived on the creek below Sandyville.
   They lived at one time on the north side of Sandy. At the mouth of
   Bearrys Run, in one of the two cabins where so many fell victim of the
   Sandy Fever.
   
   John Anderson married Elizabeth Pruden, and lived on Sandy.
   
   Lewis Anderson never married.
   
   George Anderson married Hester, a sister of John Vannoy.
   
   Joseph Anderson married Hepzibah Rowley.
   
   Joseph Anderson was born in 1829, and was married to Hepzibah,
   daughter of Harry Rowley, in 1854. His death occurred in 1907, on
   Cabin Run, about a mile north of Liverpool.
   
   He was a large man, physically, but had been in poor hearth for
   several years before his death.
   
   Mr. Anderson was a good talker, and related many interesting
   reminiscences of pioneer life on Sandy, when I visited him in 1904. He
   remembered many of the early settlers of this section, and I am
   indebted to him for much information.
   
   He had known Dr. Adams, Parsons, Edwards, Little, and Bonto and all
   the early settlers of the Trace Fork, as well as Reed, Magee, and the
   Sayre family at Sandyville, Jim Smith, the guerilla captain and many
   others.
   
   Uncle Joesy, as he was familiarly called by all, was a crack shot with
   his famous deergun.
   
   He had shot with the noted Patton Carder rifle, with which someone is
   said to have killed Boone, in the siege of Spencer, in 1860, at a
   distance of a hundred yards, and fondly described it as a "honey
   darling". The old hunter was, until his death, as fond of a good gun
   as the horseman is of his steed.
   
   The first school Anderson went to was taught by a man named Copen, in
   a log hut on Crooked Fork, probably about 1836 or 1837.
   
   He remembers going with an older brother on a fishing expedition one
   winter.
   
   It had been very dry that summer, and the fish had some up the creeks
   in the spring as usual, but owing to the low stage of water on the
   bars, had not returned, and winter caught them in the deepest pools.
   Winters in the early days were much more prolonged and severe than
   they are now. A heavy freeze had formed ice several inches in
   thickness, and the brother, who was grown, made a harpoon with which
   to spear the fish through holes they cut in the ice with an axe. The
   fish taken were white suckers, and they took enough to make a twelve
   gallon sugar kettle full of dressed fish.
   
   The rock bar at the mouth of Bar Run was a favorite place for taking
   fish. He had seen fish and "tortles" so thick in the Bar Run hole that
   they almost "hid the water".
   
   After his marriage, Anderson lived some years on Mud Run. In 1861, he
   moved to Trace Fork, living below the Adams, now Hawk, farm. About
   1896, he bought a piece of land at the mouth of Cabin Run, and put up
   a corn mill, and a few years later, moved up on the run to the farm
   now owned by his son, Jeff Anderson.


   STANLEY FAMILY
   
   Who John Stanley was, and when or whence he came to Sandy, I have been
   unable to ascertain, only that he was living in a cabin on the high
   plateau in the bend of the creek, across from John Haynes place, in
   1822, when his daughter, Nancy was married to Joseph Anderson, of Big
   Bend, Ohio.
   
   Who his wife was is equally in darkness, with his ancestry and date of
   his birth and death.
   
   Probably he was of the same family as David Stanley, the Raveswood
   pioneer. His children were:
   
   James (Jim) Stanley, married a Runner, and lived on the flats below
   Mud Run, in the forties.
   
   William (Bill) Stanley married a Bibbee, died at Silverton.
   
   Henry Stanley died unmarried.
   
   Jonathan Stanley married first a Hanshaw, and second, Mazella Parsons,
   a daughter of George Parsons, on Trace Fork. They never owned land,
   but lived in different places on Sandy. The Parson record given his
   name as Noah Stanley.
   
   Elias Stanley married a Runner (probably these girls were daughters of
   Elijah Runner.)
   
   Noah Stanley, name only given.
   
   Levi Stanley went off and never returned.
   
   Nancy Stanley married Joe Anderson, and lived one and a half miles
   below her father's home, at the Haynes farm.
   
   Besides these names, which were furnished by the late Joseph Anderson,
   Chris Stutler mentions:
   
   Tom Stanley, who died at Silverton.
   
   A daughter married "Zeke" Vernon.
   
   Whether these were children of John Stanley, or of one of his sons, I
   cannot say.
   
   A farm on the bend of the creek below Mike Boso's mill was at an early
   day known as "The Old Stanley Farm", from John Stanley having once
   lived there.


   PICKENS FAMILY
   
   Probably Robert Pickens, who married Elizabeth Anderson, was of the
   following family:
   
   John Pickens, a Revolutionary soldier. His children were:
   
   James Pickens, a soldier in the War of 1812.
   
   John Pickens, born in 1806, in Mason County, married Mary Lawrence.
   Their daughter, Samantha, married Ed Greathouse.
   
   Also, Elijah Pickens, whose children were: Ben, Dave, Sam and Joe.


   ROWLEY FAMILY
   
   William Henry Rowley had two brothers, but their father dying when he
   was small, they became separated, and he lost sight of them. W.H. was
   "bound" to a shoemaker on Long Island.
   
   It is not stated whether he came to West Virginia or not. A son,
   however, did, and his daughter married Joseph Anderson, as previously
   related. This sons name was Harry Rowley, and he may have been the
   "old man Rowley" who was living on the east side of Sandy, between the
   mouth of Trace Fork and the bridge, about 1835. He and his wife both
   died with the Sandy Fever afterward.
   
   Of his children:
   
   Thomas Rowley married Tabitha Parsons, daughter of George Parsons
   (Trace Fork George), and they went to Ohio.
   
   Huldah Rowley married John Smith Carder, and lived for a time on Trace
   Fork, and later of Joes Run.
   
   Nancy Rowley married first Philip Adams (probably son of Dr. Adams),
   who died in Middleport, Ohio,. Was said to have been the smartest man
   J.A. ever knew, to have had no education. Her second husband was
   Jacob, son of Thomas McGlothin.


   JESSE HUGHES
   
   Jesse Hughes, the renowned scout and Indian fighter, spent the last
   years of his life on the Ohio River, near the mouth of Big Sandy. He
   first bought land at Sandyville, but lost it through a former patent.
   
   It would appear that Hughes came to this section a few years before
   the closing of Indian hostilities. He had three daughters, Nancy,
   Agnes, Massie and Luraine. Nancy and Massie were hunting cows on
   Turkey Run, which enters the river a mile above Ravenswood, when they
   were discovered by a party of Indians, who made a capture of the
   latter, and carried her off and kept her in captivity for two years.
   After the Treaty of Greenville brought peace to the border
   settlements, Jesse went in search of his daughter, but did not at
   first recognize her, as she was dressed in Indian fashion, with rings
   in her ears, mouth, and on all her fingers, her face and body smeared
   with paint, and she carried a bow and arrows.
   
   Nancy Hughes married George W. Hanshaw, who lived in a cabin on the
   site of the house occupied a few years since by W.S. Proctor, on the
   old Proctor farm, above Ravenswood.
   
   Jesse Hanshaw, who lived near the mouth of Mill Creek, was born there
   about 1830.
   
   G.W. Hanshaw at one time owned the Blake, or Varner farm on Sandy.
   
   Jesse Hughes other daughter, Luraine, was married to Uriah Sayre, and
   lived at the mouth of Ground Hog, on the Ohio side of the river.
   
   Her daughter, Lura Sayre, married Lafayette Cozart, of Jackson County,
   who relates that his wifes grandfather, Jesse Hughes, after he became
   old, wandered off into the woods. He was found on either Tureky or
   Lick Run, and though not dead when found, died very soon after. He was
   buried on the Proctor farm, some say, at the "old graveyard" but it is
   uncertain whether the exact site of the grave can now be located.
   
   Massie Hughes, daughter of Jesse and heroine of the Indian capture
   married Uriah Gandee, Jr, and lived near Gandeeville. It is said that
   the wife of the famous Indian fighter, Grace Tanner Hughes, spent the
   last years of her life with them, and at her death in 1839, was buried
   there.
   
   There are numerous persons in Jackson and adjoining counties who claim
   descent from Jesse Hughes, or his near relatives.


   BUFFINGTON FAMILY
   
   Other choice parcels of land farther up the river were allotted to
   Washington's compatriots, George Muse, and a Mercer, and were
   colonized about the same time as the Ravenswood tract.
   
   Buffington's Island was settled by Joseph Buffington. (I think Joseph,
   and not Joel, is the correct name), who had three sons.
   
   Philip, whose marriage to Sarah Hughes is named as the first wedding
   in Union District.
   
   William, who lived in Wirt County.
   
   Solomon, who was one of the Union Home Guards, and died on Pond Creek,
   a half mile below the mouth of Jerry's run, shortly after the close of
   the Civil War.


   DEWITT FAMILY
   
   The first settler at Muse's Bottom was John DeWitt (some of the old
   settlers pronounce it Doo_it), who built the first cabin, in 1807.
   
   Soon after, Thomas DeWitt, John Powers, Thomas Coleman, Ellis
   Nesselrode, and John Boso came. It is not at all certain that these
   parties all came the same year, but they were all among the very early
   pioneers.
   
   Where the DeWitts were from is not given, but the name recurs several
   times in the early history of Mill Creek and Sandy, and parties of the
   same name are still to be found in Grant District.


   COLEMAN FAMILY
   
   The Coleman family has been, from the first, the most prominent in the
   vicinity of Muse's Bottom.
   
   The Thomas Coleman mentioned above was a son of Michael Coleman, who
   was killed by the Indians, at Cottageville, in 1793.
   
   Thomas Coleman was born in the wilderness of Kanawha County, in 1801.
   He was a son of James and Nancy Anderson Coleman. His father and
   mother both died when he was quite young, and he was raised by a
   maternal uncle. He was bound out to a blacksmith at the age of
   fourteen, but ran away the next year and went on a keel boat on the
   river, which was hauling salt from the Kanawha to Wheeling. Later, he
   operated boats of his own. He married Sarah Roush, in 1823, daughter
   of Henry and Hannah Roush, of Meigs County, Ohio. He settled later at
   Muse's Bottom. Their children were:
   
   Samuel H. died as a child.
   
   David S. went to Missouri.
   
   Reverend H.R.
   
   Thomas B. lives on the home place.
   
   Eliza married P. D. Williams, lived at Muse's Bottom.
   
   Virginia married R.S. Morgan.
   
   Maria married James Morgan.
   
   Thomas Coleman was appointed first postmaster at Muse's Bottom.
   
   A brother of Michael was John Coleman. He was an Indian fighter and
   scout at the Belleville fort. What became of him after peace came is
   not stated.
   
   The first marriage in what is now Grant District was that of Margaret,
   daughter of Mary and John Coleman, to William Harrison. Whether this
   was the same John, his son, or a son of Michael (Malcolm, some give
   the name), I have no means of knowing.


   RECTOR FAMILY
   
   Charles J. Rector was born in 1848. He was a son of Steptoe Rector,
   who was born in 1816. They came to Jackson County when Charles was
   young. In 1869, Charles married Elizabeth Sherman. He lived on Little
   Sandy or at Sherman.
   
   Levin Rector was a brother of Steptoe Rector. He was born in 1814, and
   married Sarah B. Sherman. She was a daughter of Isaac B. Sherman and
   Nancy DeWitt Sherman. They lived at Sherman in 1883. Mrs. Susan Kyger
   was his sister.
   
   Charles Rector, who married Sallie Rust, was the father of Steptoe and
   Levin Rector.


   ROBERTS FAMILY
   
   William M. Roberts, of Muse's Bottom, was a native of Wood County. He
   was born in 1823. His father, John Roberts, came from North Wales. He
   was born in 1787, and married Sarah Sargent. He served in the British
   Navy for several years. Their children were:
   
   William M., Thomas P., John, Robert, Henry E., Rowena, Adelaide, Sarah
   and Elizabeth, who married Abram McKay.
   
   William and Thomas lived at Ravenswood.


   NESSELRODE FAMILY
   
   Ambrose Atkins is authority for the following statement:
   
   "Ellis Nesselrode lived at the mouth of Little Sandy (about 1855).
   From his appearance he would suppose him to have been born about 1800
   or 1805. He was a noted hunter and had a camp under a rock below John
   Slavens which is known as Ellises Rock."
   
   If this was the pioneer mentioned as a first settler, he was either
   much older than Mr. Atkins supposes, or came much later than the date
   given.
   
   Israel Nesselrode lived on Little Sandy. He had sons: Peter, Frank, Ed
   and Shelton.
   
   David Nesselrode, who kept the post office on Little Sandy, beyond
   Utah Hill, called Israel "uncle".
   
   There was also an Elias Nesselrode living in that vicinity, in 1900,
   then an old man past three score and ten.


   BOSO FAMILY
   
   The Boso family was forty years ago the most numerous race on the two
   Ponds Creeks.
   
   The first of the name to come to these parts, and the father of the
   line, was one John Boso, who was living in the block house at the
   mouth of the Hocking River, about 1790, and who settled at Muses
   Bottom in 1807.
   
   Where Boso came from is not known, but he was French descent, and the
   family were intimately connected with the Flinns, another family
   prominent in the pioneer history of Pond Creek.
   
   John Boso had four sons, whose name I have been given - Charles, Joe,
   Jake and John.
   
   Joe and Jake married girls by the name of Fancher, Joe went to
   Indiana, and Jake is not mentioned further.
   
   John Bosos wife was a daughter of the Michael Coleman who was killed
   by the Indians. Their children were:
   
   Mike Boso, married a Mills, sister of George. He had a mill on Pond
   Creek, below the Flinn ford, at the mouth of Cabin Fork.
   
   John Boso (Curly John), married a Smith, sister of Sam Smith.
   
   Charley Boso, married a Flinn, sister of "Old Johnny" Flinn. He died
   in St. Louis. S. Greene Boso is his son.
   
   Nancy Boso married Joe Hale, and lived on a branch of Lee Creek.
   
   Barbara Boso married a Burdine.
   
   "Polly" Boso marred a Hall and lived in Ohio.
   
   Bent Boso married and lived in Illinois.
   
   "Kins" Boso (Kinsman) married a Brown.
   
   "Lafe" Boso was "in the Army".
   
   France Boso lived in Pomeroy.
   
   John Boso, afer the death of his first wife, was married to a sister
   of "old Johnny" Flinn, who lived at the mouth of Cabin Fork.
   
   Charles Boso, known for miles around as "Old Charley", was born in the
   Big Hocking Block House, some time toward the end of the Eighteenth
   Century, probably early in the nineties.
   
   He died at the age of one hundred and six, said his son, Isaiah.
   
   His wife was Mary Anderson, perhaps a sister of "Mike" Anderson, who
   lived on upper Pond Creek. Their children were:
   
   Isaiah married Mary E. Orem, a sister of Joe Orem. He was born in 1833
   and died February 16th, 1908.
   
   John A. Boso married Debby Mills, a sister of Bill Mills.
   
   Nelson Boso married and Ingalls. He was the father of Charley Boso.
   Nels Boso was born about 1828. Probably John was the John A. who was
   seventy five in 1900.
   
   Willard Boso went to Indiana.
   
   Charles Boso.
   
   Eliza Boso married John Orem.
   
   Jane Boso married a Ferguson.
   
   "Uncle Charley Boso was born near the mouth of the Big Hocking River,
   on a houseboat, spent the early years of his life flatboating on the
   Ohio River. Died about three oclock, on the morning on June 5th, 1898,
   at age one hundred and eight years.
   
   Was father of seven children, six of whom survived him, was in good
   health until two weeks before his death. Died at his son John A. Bosos
   on Little Pond Creek. Four hundred people attended burying." So wrote
   C. T. Pilchard, of Lone Cedar, in Jackson Herald for June 10th, 1898.


   HYDE FAMILY

   The Hyde family were originally from England, whence came three
   brothers, George, James, and Isaac, the latter a boy just verging on
   manhood's estate. Probably the father, whose name is through to have
   been Isaac, and the rest of the family were with them. They were six
   months in crossing the ocean. They first came to the eastern part of
   West Virginia, and to Jackson, probably from Hacker's Creek. Isaac
   Hyde appears to have first came to Little Mill Creek, and moved from
   there to where his brother-in-law, Alexander Alkire had settled, they
   having married sisters named Sims. Mrs. Jane Carder, a granddaughter
   of Isaac Hyde, says she has heard her grandmother talk of the "Devil's
   Hole". In the early days, the mouth of Shade River was a wild rocky
   place, gloomy, dark and cavernous. An Indian trail from the Clarksburg
   settlements to their towns on the Scioto crossed the river here,
   probably giving a name to both Trace Fork, of Sandy and Mill Creek,
   and many were the bands that crossed here with prisoners, scalps and
   plunder. The place was known to the settlers as Devil's Hole. Isaac
   Hyde married Nancy Sims. He came to Jackson County probably about
   1806.


   ALKIRE FAMILY
   
   Alexander Alkire lived near the Hydes, in Grant District. His wife was
   a Sims, and a sister of Hyde's wife.
   
   An Adam Alkire lived at Muse's Bottom.


   SLAVEN FAMILY
   
   One of the most prominent families on Little Sandy for the past sixty
   five years are the descendants of one William Slaven, who came there
   in 1843 or 1844.
   
   Prior to his removal to Jackson County, Slaven had served as sheriff
   of Randolph County, and had represented Lewis County in the House of
   Delegates at Richmond. He was a magistrate, or Justice of the Peace,
   for many years, and a prominent buyer and shipper of cattle in
   Randolph, Barbour, Harrison, Lewis and adjoining counties.
   
   He was a son of Jacob Slaven, a soldier in the Revolution. Of his
   brothers and sisters, there were -
   
   Jacob and John, who lived in the eastern part of the state.
   
   Nancy, who married and went to Ohio.
   
   Margaret, who married Stewart Wooddell, at one time sheriff of
   Pocahontas County. Joe Wooddell, the newspaperman, was their son.
   
   William Slaven was almost ninety two when he died, in 1889 or 1890. He
   was twice married, his first wife being Margaret Wooddell. After her
   death, he was again married, to Nancy, daughter of Old Johnny Cline.
   
   William and Margaret Slavens children were:
   
   Charles was a forty niner, went to California and disappeared.
   
   John W. married Mary Cline, John Clines daughter. He was born in 1825
   and lived on Little Sandy for many years.
   
   William W. married Fidelia, daughter of Robert Warth, and lived on
   Little Sandy.
   
   James Slaven married Emmeline, daughter of James Somerville.
   
   Margaret Slaven married Andrew Somerville, and lived on the head of
   the left fork of Sandy.
   
   Nathan Slaven was in the Confederate Army, and was wounded at Fort
   Donelson and died.
   
   Henry Slaven was also in the Confederate Army, and lost a leg at the
   Winchester fight. He married Sarah Flinn, and lived on the Nesselrode
   place.
   
   Elizabeth M. Slaven married Joseph Yeager Springston.
   
   The children of the second family were:
   
   Francis was a chaplain in the Confederate Army, married in Ohio.
   
   Mary married first Jake Gough, and second a Bell.
   
   Roland married Lucy Davenport.
   
   Harriet married Harry Wilkeson, and lived near Cottageville.
   
   "Carline" married George, son of Bill McFee.
   
   Martha married a Cawthorne and went to Michigan.
   
   Sarah married Tom Ingram and lived on Pond Creek.
   
   Lucy married Dave Pickens, and lived on Sandy.
   
   Harry.


   FLINN FAMILY
   
   In 1785, a party from Wheeling took possession of an old Indian
   improvement of about twenty acres, above the mouth of Lee Creek, and
   built a blockhouse. Among these were an old man named Flinn, a
   widower, and Thomas and John Flinn, his sons, and a daughter who
   married John Barnett. Owing to the hostilities of the Indians, they
   moved, for greater security, to the fort at Belleville, in 1787.
   
   This blockhouse was called Flinns Station, and the Flinn family were
   descended from this old man.
   
   Old Billy Flinn was born about 1790, and was up in the nineties when
   he died. He married Polly Staats, a sister of Dave Staats, and
   daughter of Noah Staats. He lived at the mouth of Meat House Fork of
   Little Sandy.
   
   Their children were:
   
   William Flinn ("Cap") married a Hostleton.
   
   Sarah Flinn married Henry Slaven.
   
   David Flinn married a Cox.
   
   Kale Flinn married Baxter Howard. (R.B. Howard, near LeRoy)
   
   Nancy Flinn married George Howard.
   
   Jane Flinn married Newton Hicks.
   
   Other children were Joe, George, Lafayette.
   
   Old Johnny Flinn, a brother of Old Billy, lived on Pond Creek, at the
   mouth of Cabin Fork.
   
   George Flinn once lived at the first place below John Flinns, on Pond
   Creek.
   
   Sisters of these Flinns married Old John Boso, and his son, Charles.


   STAATS FAMILY
   
   Elijah, Daniel and Noah Staats were probably nephews of Abram Staats,
   who settled on Mill Creek about 1800.
   
   Noah Staats lived on Little Sandy, about a mile from the mouth. His
   children were:
   
   David Staats lived on Skull Run.
   
   Henrietta Staats married Sam Rardon.
   
   Rowena Staats married Tom Rardon.
   
   Christina Staats married Peter Derenberger.
   
   Mary Staats married a Moorhouse.
   
   Louisa Staats.
   
   Peggy Staats.
   
   Sarah Ann Staats.


   DERENBERGER FAMILY
   
   Peter Derenberger married Christina Staats, and lived on Little Sandy,
   below the mouth of Meat House Run, where there is an old orchard,
   below Tack Derenbergers house at the lower end of the place. Their
   children were:
   
   W.T. Derenberger, born in 1836.
   
   Elija Derenberger.
   
   Geroge Derenberger.
   
   Annette Derenberger, married Albert Lockhart.
   
   Caroline Derenberger married a Safreed.
   
   Margaret Derenberger married a Safreed.
   
   "Californy" Derenberger married first Alex Trotter, and second Joe
   Leep.


   RARDON FAMILY
   
   John Rardon married Charlotte Dewitt. Their children were:
   
   Nancy Rardon was a school teacher, married first a Hubbard, and second
   a Lange.
   
   Tom Rardon married Rowena Staats.
   
   Margaret Rardon married Sam Landon.
   
   Sam Rardon married a Moorehouse.
   
   John Rardon, who made the first improvement at the Bush place, above
   Peniel, was probably a son of John Rardon.
   
   David Rardon was a noted exhorter and class leader. He married a
   Barringer. Their children were:
   
   Mary, married Tom Gardner, and uncle of Clint Gardner.
   
   David.
   
   Sam.
   
   Another daughter married Abel Syoc.


   MIDDLE SANDY VALLEY
   
   Cherry Camp is a small stream emptying into Sandy, from the right,
   about a mile above Crooked Fork. Elijah Pickens lived near its mouth,
   and some of this descendants own land in that vicinity. There is a
   large area of flat, or slightly rolling, land, extending from below
   the mouth of Cherry Camp to the mouth of Mud Run, know as the Mud Run
   Flats. It is a lovely plateau with its system of water courses, little
   brooks, some rising in the hills and some wholly within the boundaries
   of the flat, which may be three quarters of a mile in length, and
   perhaps a half a mile wide, in the widest place.
   
   There are some bottoms along the creek, which are probably of good
   quality, and each little stream had its miniature bottom, a few rods
   wide and sloping back to the tops of the "hills" so gently it can
   scarce be told where bottom ends and hill commences. A remarkably
   pretty country, to look at, but with a white clay soil of little use
   for agricultural purposes.
   
   Mud Run is about a half mile above Cherry Camp, and also heads against
   the Left Fork of Sycamore.
   
   The first settlers at the mouth of Mud Run was a man named Stump. The
   name is all I have. As to whence he came, or where he went, none
   appear to know. The "Sandy Fever" plague may be the solution.
   
   The date probably was about 1830.
   
   The next stream entering the creek some hundred rods higher up is
   Trace Fork, so named from an old Indian trail leading from the
   settlements in Harrison and Lewis Counties, by way of Shade River, to
   the Indian towns on the Scioto. A short distance above the mouth, on a
   kind of plateau, is the house of Peter Bontempt, built four or five
   years ago. Near it is a row of four very large apple trees, which may
   be the remnant of a "pioneer" orchard. Just above, on the left, in the
   mouth of a small run, is the old Bonto house, built of heavy hewn
   logs, with cut stone cellar, but the old folks passed to the Great
   Beyond, and the old buildings are falling before the ravages of time.
   
   Bonto (Bontempt is the original spelling), like Raynaud (Rayno), who
   lived below, was of French descent.
   
   The first settler on the Bonto farm was Robert Little, who died of
   "Sandy Fever", in 1858. He was (said Mrs. Rhodes) there in 1836.
   
   George Parsons settled the next place above Littles, about 1830.
   
   The site of his cabin I have not been able to make out. There are two
   old orchards on the place now, one on a point across the road from the
   house, and a little below, the other about two hundred yards lower
   down the creek, and on the opposite side, in a bottom cut off by a
   bend in the stream. There is no sign of a house there now, but at the
   upper site, there is an old house on the bank above the road, among
   some trees. If either orchard dates back to the first settlement, it
   is probably the lower one.
   
   George Parsons died about 1838. His wife was Sarah Lyons (See Mill
   Creek History).
   
   His son, George Parsons, died on lower Trace Fork a few years ago.
   Another son, Charles Parsons, was the father of J. W. Parsons, some
   time assessor of the first District, and Isaiah Parsons a former
   County Superintendent. Charles Parsons lived on the home place, some
   say. His sister, Mrs. Rhodes said he moved to Charleston. Another son,
   Fielding Parsons, was a Union soldier, and died at Ravenswood three or
   four years ago. A Flinn lived on the Parsons place afterwards.
   
   The next improvement was made, as nearly as can be ascertained, by a
   man named Edwards, who took a lease and built a cabin across the road,
   next the creek, from where Mack Shepherd now lives. There was a Lewis
   Edwards, a skillful carpenter, who lived at different places along
   Sandy before the war, who was probably the same man. He was not a land
   owner, but rented and worked at his trade. It is not mentioned who
   owned the land at that time, but it was a part of the same farm now
   owned by Frank Hawk.


   ADAMS FAMILY
   
   The most prominent of the pioneers of Trace Fork was Dr. Spencer
   Adams, who appears to have first come to this neighborhood in 1840, or
   a little earlier.
   
   He came, some say, from Ripley to Trace Fork, and it is related that
   he married on of four sisters, the father being dead, and the mother
   the owner of a five hundred acre tract of land, where he afterward
   lived.
   
   Sometime in the thirties, (probably), Dr. Adams was a candidate for
   the House of Delegates, but it was discovered after his election that
   he was ineligible, not being a freeholder, and his mother-in-law
   deeded him a portion of the Trace Fork land so he could take his seat
   in the Legislature.
   
   Later, he moved on to his land, where it appears he continued to
   reside until 1855.
   
   He had (someone told me) a son, Philip, who went to Racine, Ohio.
   
   There are two Adams children buried in the Howes plot in the old
   Sandyville graveyard, one in 1857, the other ten years later. The
   first, Amelia Adams, was born in 1830.
   
   The Adams and Howes families were connected, Howes having married an
   Adams as his second wife.
   
   Adams wife was, I believe, a Tolley, and Andy Adams, the Spencer
   merchant, and the wife of John A. Macintosh were his children.
   
   Dr. Adams was a man of more than ordinary intelligence, and enjoyed an
   extensive practice on Sandy and Mill Creek waters.
   
   He lived for a short time in the house next the Shepperd place, and
   then built at the mouth of the run, below where Mr. Hawk now lives.
   
   When Smith Carder was first married, he lived for a year or two on Dr.
   Adams place. Uncle Eph Carder, who was born in 1837, lived with him,
   being a little fellow just big enough to run around and pick up
   walnuts, say four or five years old, which would make the date about
   1842. He says he used to see Adams " most every day", and would judge
   him to have been somewhere in forty years old.


   HARRIS FAMILY
   
   About 1862, Anthony Harris bought and moved to the Adams farm. Harris
   was born in Greene County, Pennsylvania, March 25th, 1822. When he was
   six years old, the family removed to Tyler (or Pleasants) County,
   Virginia. He died in 1902.
   
   Shortly after moving to Trace Fork, Harris was out hunting. He saw a
   large buck standing in the edge of a thicket. Taking careful aim, he
   fired, and the deer fell, on going up to his quarry, he was surprised
   to find two deer, instead of one, lying dead. The ball had passed
   through the bucks heart, and also killed a fine doe that was standing
   behind him, in such a manner as to be concealed from his view.
   
   This farm was a fine one.
   
   My father looked at the farm in November, 1871, and liked it very
   well. He would probably have purchased it, had it not been for the
   reports of its unhealthfulness and "arsenic" springs.


   SHEPPARD FAMILY
   
   The first place about the mouth of Trace is where the man Rowley
   lived, about 1835.
   
   There are a few old apple trees standing yet, and the house was still
   there when the bridge was built across Sandy below, the workmen using
   it to shanty in.
   
   The weight of evidence seems to show that the first settlement on the
   farm by the bridge was ade (unless the Rowley clearing was on the same
   farm and earlier) by James Sheppard, and the crossing is still known
   as the "Old Sheppard Ford."
   
   He was a son I think the oldest of Jonathan Sheppard, and married
   Margaret Lockhart, a daughter of William Lockhart, and first settled
   on Right Reedy, across the creek from the Pisgah Church.
   
   He was living on Sandy as early as 1835 or 1836. He died on his farm
   at the ford, and his widow was still living there in 1850, says Jeff
   Dawkins.
   
   The names of five children are given:
   
   Martha Sheppard married Lewis Edwards.
   
   Isaac Sheppard married Margaret Morehead.
   
   William Sheppard married Eliza Howes.
   
   Eliza Sheppard married Isaac Enoch.
   
   James Sheppard went away on a produce boat, and never returned.
   
   The site of the Sheppard home is not given. Probably it was a short
   distance below the mouth of Beatties Run. A few old apple trees yet
   mark the site of each building.
   
   Mrs. Magee said that a man named Sheppard lived in the one on the east
   side of the creek, and an old man and his wife, a connection of his,
   on the west, and that the old people and Sheppards family fell before
   the scourge, the "Sandy Fever." Certain it is that this location is in
   the very heart of the pestilence stricken section. Henry Sheppard is
   probably the man referred to, as he is said to have lived here. A
   detailed history of the Sheppard Family will be found in the History
   of Reedy Valley.
   
   A man maned Dewitt is said to have lived, and died, in the lower
   house. Jeff Dawkins said Alex Dewitt, married Miriam Carney, sister to
   Joe Howes wife, lived there in 1850.
   
   A man named Wiblin, if I understood Mr. Anderson right, moved one
   spring into the West house, saying "Give me plenty of whiskey and
   bacon and Im not afraid of Sandy Fever". Before fall, he was dead.


   HOWES FAMILY
   
   Joe Howes lived at the mouth of Beattys Run. I do not know if it was
   in one of the two "death traps" or not. If so, it was the cabin on the
   east side of the creek. More likely, it was up near where T. J.Wilcox
   now lives. He was the son of John B Howes. His mother, Catharine
   Howes, died in 1856, a the age of eighty two, and is buried at
   Sandyville. Of his children:
   
   Joseph Howes married first Jemima Carney, and second, Letty Ingram.
   Jemima was a daughter of Jesse Carney, Letty a daughter of Henry
   Sheppard, and widow of Charles, son of Jacob Ingram.
   
   Eliza Howes married William Sheppard. He may have been one of the
   Sheppards mentioned above, as he died with fever.


   BEATTY FAMILY
   
   Beatty's Run receives its name from a family living there, sometime in
   the forties. Sam Beatty lived where the pike crosses the run, below
   Sandyville, at what is known as the Crow farm.
   
   Will Beatty, a brother, died in a well near Silverton. They were
   probably sons of the Ravenswood pioneer.


   MAGEE FAMILY
   
   In the low gap between the waters of Beatty's Run and Copper Fork, up
   on a slope overlooking the pike, and a deep cut, When I visited the
   old lady, in September, 1904, and enjoyed a pleasant hour, talking of
   pioneer days, she expressed herself as greatly attached to the tree,
   and wished it to stand as long as she might live.
   
   A little over a year later, she was in her grave, but the tree is
   (August, 1907) still hale and vigorous. Shame to the hand that is ever
   raised against it.
   
   Elizabeth Magee did not come to Sandy when her father, Edward Knotts,
   came, in 1833, but remained with relatives in Preston County. The
   following year, she was married to Jephtha Magee, and in 1835,
   captivated by reports of the new Eldorado, the young couple came to
   Sandy, locating on Daniel Sayre's farm, where they remained two years,
   and then moved to the cabin vacated by her father when he moved to
   Palestine. In 1847, Magee made the first improvement at the homestead
   on the hill.
   
   Elizabeth Magee was a daughter of Edward and Mary Bryan Knotts. She
   was born in Preston County, Virginia, July 2nd, 1816, and died
   December 14th, 1905, aged eighty nine years, five months and twelve
   days.
   
   Jephtha Magee was born July 2nd, 1815, and was, to day, one year older
   than his wife. He died January 12th, 1859.
   
   He was buried at the old Sandyville cemetery, for his death occurred
   ten years before the establishing of a grave yard a little way out the
   road from his house.
   
   Here is located the Magee Chapel, a Southern Methodist Church, built
   in 1876. The cemetery is of too recent date to be the last resting
   place of many of the old pioneers, though Squire Sayre died in 1900,
   aged seventy seven. James Blake, Henry and Irma Bonto, Armistead
   Morehead, died in 1878, aged eighty five, and his wife, who died six
   years earlier, at the age of seventy three, are buried here. Also
   James T. Crum, who came from Ohio several years ago, and lived on the
   little run which heads at the Magee house, near its entrance into
   Copper Fork.


   REED FAMILY
   
   On Copper Fork, about a quarter of a mile from its entrance into the
   Right Fork of Sandy, and a half mile from where the two branches of
   Sandy unite, was the site of the home of Warren Reed, for many years
   one of the most intelligent, progressive, and respected citizens that
   ever lived in the Sandy valley.
   
   Warren Reed came to this place not long after the coming of Daniel
   Sayre, in 1820, and was before 1833 (perhaps some years) appointed the
   first post master north of the Mill Creek divide, and at that time one
   of the three post offices in the present bounds of the county, the
   others being Cedar Grove, at Wright's Mill, and Jackson Court House,
   at Ripley. Three forks of Reedy post office, then in Jackson County,
   was not established until later, and Muse's Bottom was created in
   1836, Ravenswood ten years later.
   
   Mr. Reed was a Justice of the Peace and a Surveyor. His house stood up
   on the second bottom, not far from the store building at New Era, to
   the right of Copper Fork.
   
   Near here, and a little above the crossing of the creek, is a wild and
   picturesque spot, a high bank of rocks, fringed with spruce pines and
   stunted bushes, while in one place, a huge rock roof is projected
   entirely across the stream, for a distance of thirty or forty rods. I
   have ridden under it when the stream was low.
   
   Elihu and Warren Reed were sons of Warren Reed.
   
   A daughter married David O. Hutchinson, who lived on the place in
   1854.


   GALLATIN FAMILY
   
   Another prominent citizen of former days was Squire Gallatin, a
   successful politician, who is said to have represented his county in
   the General Assembly.
   
   A brother, Jerry Gallatin, lived at Sandyville, in 1854.
   
   Jesse Morgan lived a little further out the Ravenswood pike, on what
   was probably at one time a part of the Reed farm.


   WEAS FAMILY
   
   Ziba Weas, father of James Weas and Mrs. D.W. Chapman, spent the
   greater part of the last half of his life at Sandyville. He is buried
   in a cut stone vault in an annex at the east end of the old Sandyville
   graveyard. Ziba Weas was of German origin, was a son of George Weas,
   and a grandson of Jacob Weas, who was born in 1733, and died in 1826.
   He married Ruth Morgan, of the old Morgan ap Morgan stock. Of their
   children:
   
   Zirus, born in Randolph County, in 1805.
   
   Ziba, born in 1807.


   VANNOY FAMILY
   
   The Left Fork of Sandy, on which Sandyville is situated, has several
   large tributaries, among which are Copper Fork, which enters at
   Sandyville, and Service Fork, a stream about three and a half miles
   long, which comes in from the right, about one and a half miles above
   Sandyville, Turkey Fork on the same side and a mile further up, which
   heads about six miles away, in the low gap at Garfield.
   
   Cornelius Vannoy lived on Service Fork. He had sons Ben, Anthony,
   Alexander and John. The latter married Susanna Sheppard, a daughter of
   Henry and Diana Sheppard. He lived on Rush Run, at the George Knotts
   place, about 1857, lost a leg in the Confederate Army, and was a
   familiar figure about Sandyville for several years before his death.
   
   Hester Vannoy married George Anderson.
   
   George Winkler, a German, was a school teacher who married a sister of
   Vannoys wife, and lived on Service Fork, in 1841 or 1842.


   MAIRS FAMILY
   
   Dr. Joseph Mairs, said to be the first resident physician at Ripley,
   came to Sandy about 1840 or 1845, and built a large brick house above
   the road, about a mile up the Left Fork. I passed there three years
   ago. Most of the walls had fallen down, a part of the angle of one
   corner of the wall six or eight feet high was standing, with other
   foundation walls and scraps and remnants, while piles of bricks and
   rubbish were strewed all around, and the whole grown up in a dense
   thicket of saplings, brush and weeds. An English sumach tree, planted
   in the yard as an ornament for the lawn, had taken complete possession
   of that quarter of the grounds, large trees standing thick inside the
   old walls and out. The place was abandoned nearly forty years ago, and
   has borne the name of being haunted ever since.
   
   Dr. Mairs died in 1841.
   
   A brother, Thomas Mairs, lived at the mouth of Service Fork. His wife,
   Louisa, died in 1862, and is buried at Sandyville.
   
   Susan, wife of Benjamin Arnold, a prominent citizen of the Sandyville
   vicinity for several years before the war, was a sister of the Mairs.


   DILWORTH FAMILY
   
   Nelson Dilworth, said to have lived just above the old graveyard. Near
   where he lived in 1876, was the cabin of the renowned Jesse Hughes,
   the first settler on the place. Dilworth lived near the Mairs home for
   a time, during the Civil War, and was one of several brothers who were
   raised in Barbour County.


   DEPUE FAMILY
   
   David DePue was a son of Henry, and brother of Beniah DePue. He
   married Margaret Arnold. Jonathan DePue, who one represented Wirt
   County in the Legislature, was their son.
   
   David DePue died in April, 1885, Margaret four months later.


   CHEUVRONT FAMILY
   
   Another pioneer on Left Fork of Sandy was Isaac Cheuvront, who came to
   Jackson County in 1831. He lived at a little village long known as
   Buttermilk Station, a name bestowed on it when it was a logging camp
   and sawmill site, about 1870. When the timber had "fled the country",
   and an oak or poplar tree had become a curiosity, the name remained ,
   and the name of "Buttermilk" is even now far better known than the
   more dignified one of Lockhart.
   
   Isaac Cheuvront was born August 24th, 1802, and died March 22nd, 1896,
   aged ninety three years.
   
   John Somerville, James Somerville, Andrew Somerville, Isaac Lockhart,
   A.J. Somerville were all prominent citizens on the head of the creek.
   
   Turkey Fork is a small stream not so large as the Right Fork of Reedy,
   but there are bottoms thirty to fifty rods in width, and the hills
   appear to lie well.
   
   The quality of the soil is probably not the best, on the main stream.
   At the head of the creek, and where its branches reach up among the
   spurs of Limestone ridge, the hills are high and steep, and the soil
   is very fertile.


   HAWK FAMILY
   
   On the creek, at the mouth of Turkey Fork, lies the village of
   Odaville. Just above is the new Campbellite Church, and a graveyard,
   the oldest date noted being on the monument of William A. Smith, who
   died in 1886.
   
   One fourth of a mile from Odaville (1904) is an old hewed log house,
   partly weatherboarded, with a wide ten foot, two story porch, with
   massive posts and railing.
   
   It is said to be known as the "Old Owens place", and a man of that
   name lived there when I passed the place in November, 1904. One mile
   from the mouth is a little forked run on the left, and the lower
   Turkey Fork schoolhouse, and a quarter mile further up lives John
   Roliff, on the same side of the road, and above lies one of the
   prettiest farms on Sandy. It is the old Hawk farm, now the residence
   of Robert Roliff.
   
   It was here that George W. Hawk, and a young man named Woods, were
   killed by the "Moccasin Rangers", in 1861. About forty rods below the
   house, on the right of the road, and standing so close that one side
   is barked and scarred by the hubs of passing wagon wheels, stands a
   white oak tree, some five feet in diameter, known as the "Hawk Oak",
   which marks the scene of the tragedy. Hawk was born in Randolph
   County, in 1817, married Mary E. Shell, came to Jackson County in
   January, 1857. He lived first at the present site of Odaville, then
   rented and moved to the farm where he was killed, which he had later
   bought. He was thrifty and prospered, but was an outspoken Union man,
   which drew upon him the censor of the southern sympathizers, and cost
   him his life.
   
   The Roliff house is at the mouth of Peter's Run, which heads at the
   Wilkeson farm, beyond Garfield.
   
   A short distance below, Thorne's run, so called from Henry, son of
   Eugenias Thorn, who lived on it, enters from the right.


   FULL FAMILY
   
   A short distance above the Hawk house, Horners Run comes in, at the
   upper schoolhouse, further up is the mouth of Five Mile, which heads
   at the Ed Nuzum farm, on Limestone Ridge.
   
   David Full lived at the mouth of Five Mile, his father, Joseph Full,
   having been the first settler.
   
   Joseph Full was born in 1791, and died in 1865, aged seventy three.
   His wife was Mary Lockhart. She was born on New Years Day, 1804.


   FRENCH SETTLEMENT
   
   A Frenchman named Lavasse, who was a soldier in the Revolutionary War,
   took in part payment for his services, a large tract of land on which
   he settled some of his countrymen.
   
   Charles M. Lisez (pronounced Lee-say), was one of the first settlers
   on the head of Turkey Fork. He married a sister of Joseph Carez. Lisez
   died in 1894, and is buried at Fulls Fork. His age is variously stated
   at from ninety four to about a hundred.
   
   Joseph Carez (Ca-ray) was born in France, in 1782, and died in 1872.
   He is said to have married a Full.


   MCFARLAND FAMILY
   
   Ezekiel McFarland lived on Turkey Fork, in 1841. He was one of the
   first settlers at Elizabeth, coming to Jackson County in 1830. He
   lived at the Morgan farm at New Era, in 1840, says Mr. T.J. Dawkins.
   He died in 1849.
   
   A brother, John McFarland, had a hotel in Ripley, in 1852. Later, he
   moved to Ravenswood, and thence to Sandyville. He had sons John and
   Tom McFarland.
   
   Thomas McFarland, son of Robert McFarland, married a Miss Custer, and
   lived on Trace Fork.


   SAYRE FAMILY
   
   From the best information obtainable, the first settlers at Sandyville
   were two brothers, Daniel and Benjamin Sayre, who came about the year
   1820.
   
   Daniel Sayre was once a wealthy man, and owned a large tract of land
   at Sandyville. He came from the vicinity of Letarts Falls, and from
   the Ohio side of the river. He came from the vicinity of Letarts
   Falls, and from the Ohio side of the river. He was some degree of
   cousin to the Mill Creek Sayres. There is an Alfred Sayre buried at
   Sandyville in 1867, aged eighty one, which would make his birth year
   1787. This may have been Daniel Sayres father.
   
   The name is sometimes given as Daniel W. Sayre, but if that is
   correct, he must have added the middle letter himself, for he was born
   long before Daniel Webster was known to history.
   
   Daniel Sayre married Hepzibah Chapman, daughter of Ezra Chapman (in
   Ohio, I presume). Their children were:
   
   Squire Sayre married Jane ( E.J.) Seckman. He was born in 1823 and
   died in 1900.
   
   Alfred Sayre married Hannah Elizabeth Seckman, who died in 1852. They
   lived, I think, on the Ripley pike, below Sandyville.
   
   Seth Sayre never married.
   
   Ezra Sayre never married.
   
   "Rusha Sayre married David Custer.
   
   Fisher Sayre married a Warren, a sister of Rev. Dan Warren.
   
   Charlie Sayre married a Phelps.
   
   Lucy Ann Sayre married Frank Fabry.
   
   After the death of his wife, which occurred in 1861, Daniel Sayre
   married the widow Blosser, at Reedy. She died in 1907. He was in the
   sawmill business with Ezekiel Vernon when I first saw him, in 1872.
   
   The first death at Sandyville, it is said, was Sammy, a son of Daniel
   Sayre, who was buried in a plum thicket, opposite the old Jim Weas
   house.
   
   Frank Fabry, the Sandyville blacksmith, lives in the old Sayre house,
   which was, he says, built in 1841. It is either a frame or a hewed log
   house weatherboarded, but never painted. It is two stories high. It
   stands on the east side of the creek, in the bottom, and some distance
   from the bridge.
   
   Ben Sayre first settled the old Johnson place, above Sandyville. He
   married Edie Stanley (Mrs. Magee thought it was), and was living there
   in 1835.
   
   Jacob Sayre, a third brother, lived a while at Sandyville, going from
   there to Trace Fork. Either his or Bens families nearly all died with
   Sandy Fever, someone told me.


   TRUEMAN FAMILY
   
   Abraham Trueman had a store and mill at Sandyville, during the
   forties. He lived where C.B. Howes now resides, about 1850. He sold
   half interest in the mill to John Custer.


   CUSTER FAMILY
   
   John Custer was raised in Hancock County, and came from Sunfish, at
   the mouth of Middle Island Creek, to Sandyville, about 1850, said C.
   Stutler. Mrs. Logan said they were from "Old Virginia". Probably he
   lived with his son, Mark, in 1855, when Mr. Atkins knew him on Island
   Run.
   
   His children were:
   
   John Custer married first a Seckman, a sister of Squire Sayre's wife.
   He lived on Sarver farm, on Big Lick, which he sold to "Old Jimmy"
   Harper. He was living there in 1858. He married next Elizabeth, widow
   of Jephtha Magee. He lived after his second marriage at the home of
   his wife, beyond Independence.
   
   David Custer married Jerusha Sayre, daughter of Daniel Sayre. He lived
   at the mouth of little run which comes in to the Right Fork of Sandy,
   a little above Murray's, and about two miles above Sandyville.
   
   George Custer.
   
   Mark Custer married Elizabeth Morehead, daughter of Armistead
   Morehead. He lived on Island Run and on Copper Fork. He died in 1863.
   He had a son, Henry Custer. Miss M. Custer, who married Thomas
   McFarland was his daughter. Thomas W. McFarland was a son of one
   Robert McFarland. He lived on Trace Fork, in 1852, and for several
   years after, then moved to Big Lick, where he bought two hundred
   thirty acres of land. He lived there a year and then went to Mark
   Custer's, on Island Run, where he died before the war. His widow moved
   back to the farm, where she lived during the war. Afterward, she
   married Chapman Grant.
   
   About a quarter of a mile up the pike from the Sandy bridge, a long
   narrow point of second bottom thrusts far out towards the Right Fork,
   which unites with the Left Fork about a quarter of a mile below the
   bridge.
   
   The land on either side of this point is several feet lower, and it
   looks like the creek may have one day flowed around this tongue of
   land, possibly the two streams met at its apex years, centuries,
   cycles, or eons ago. Near the end of this point was the cabin of
   Elijah Runner.
   
   Runner was one of the earliest settlers, and was reputed to be a witch
   doctor. He came as early as 1830, perhaps before. He was yet there in
   1840, and is mentioned in 1842.
   
   He married a daughter of Jesse Hughes. There were Runners in Frederick
   County, Maryland, in early days.
   
   The road then was a cow path, which led up the creek past Runner's
   house. He had a little watermill in the bend of the creek.
   
   A house stood in the low gap beyond Copper Fork, in 1847. Probably it
   was the same house that Ben Sayre built when he settled the farm in
   the early twenties.
   
   The other residents of the Johnson farm were Jacob Ingram, who lived
   here in 1840, Abraham Ingram, his brother or son, living at the same
   time a short distance above, at what is known as the Gorrell farm, on
   the south side of the creek.
   
   A half mile farther up, the pike makes a long, sharp bend to the left,
   crossing a considerable sized run, on a pretty stiff grade. There was
   until a few years ago a schoolhouse standing in this loop, the road
   passing on three sides of it, thus giving the children a chance to
   look at the traveling public most of the time. The stream is called
   Island Run, and there is a house about one hundred and fifty yards up,
   where Mark Custer, or his father, is said to have built about 1850.
   
   Across the creek, and a little farther up, are two houses, one at the
   mouth of a little run, the other up on the bank. It is there that
   David Custer built some time after 1850.
   
   A quarter of a mile above Murrays, the creek makes a bend to the left,
   coming in against the hill, and the road is literally cut out of a
   wooded rocky hillside. (This may have been where there was a little
   twelve by fourteen foot pole schoolhouse, about seven feet to the
   eaves, and with ridgepole roof, when first I passed that way, in
   February, 1872).
   
   Above this, and two miles from Sandyville, at the mouth of the little
   run, is a large old house with orchard on the slope above. The first
   resident mentioned at this place is a man named Devol, who came
   probably after 1850. A man named Boice was living here about 1850, or
   later.
   
   About a quarter of a mile higher up the creek, a small run known to
   the pioneers as Bear tree, was the site of the first settlement of
   James Dawkins, about 1846 or 1847.
   
   John Knotts lives there now.


   DAWKINS FAMILY
   
   Benjamin Harrison, a signer of the Declaration of Independence, and
   three times governor of Virginia, father of W. H. Harrison, ninth
   president of the United States, patented a large tract of land
   comprising nearly all the valley of the Right Fork, or "reaching from
   Sandyville to Liverpool". The line between the farms of Floyd Carder
   and John Hartley is called the "Old Harrison Line", and may have been
   the outside line of this survey.
   
   The title of much of this land was forfeited to the state, and resold
   for taxes, one time or another.
   
   Several hundred acres of this land above Sweezys had been bought by
   George McCall, and was sold by him to Thomas Dawkins, who lived on the
   flats of Tygarts Creek, near the Mineral Wells, in Wood County, about
   1840.
   
   In 1840, the Dawkins boys came out to the place and made an extensive
   "deadening", preparatory to clearing the land, but for some reason,
   the family did not move out. Six or seven years later, Jim Dawkins
   came out and built a cabin at the mouth of Bear Tree Run, but within
   two years, he had succumbed to the Sandy fever, and his cabin was
   vacant.
   
   Thomas Dawkins was from Culpepper County, Virginia, but had been in
   Wood County since about 1825.
   
   In 1830, Thomas Jefferson Dawkins married and moved on the land. In
   1852, he built a house on the lower side of the road, where the creek
   which came to the hill just above makes a sharp bend back through the
   fields, leaving room for a house, barn, garden, etc., on the
   promontory cut off by the pike, then just newly built. Above the barn
   is a steep bank down to the creek, by the side of which stands, or did
   stand a few years ago, a pine tree.
   
   It was here the teams were fed, and we had lunch, when moving from
   Pond Creek to Reedy, in February, 1872.
   
   We had come from Buttermilk, where we stopped the night before, at
   Isaac Cheuvronts, that morning, and got to the Three Forks of Reedy
   ten miles farther on our way, just after dark.
   
   At that time, there was no house there, just a barn, and perhaps a
   corn crib. Jeff Dawkins lived back on the hill, just out of sight from
   the road. The intervening hillside was cleared, and in bluegress, but
   thickly studded with beech trees of the primeval forest.
   
   William G. Ables, probably a grandson of Martin Ables of Sycamore, had
   a lease on the Dawkins land before Jeff Dawkins came out. He afterward
   lived with his son, Jake Ables, on Strait Fork.
   
   Jim Dawkins and John Dawkins, who once lived on the Charley Carney
   farm on Mill Creek, were cousins to Jeff.
   
   It was about 1850 that John M. Barnett (perhaps a descendant of the
   John Barnett who lived at the mouth of Lee Creek, in the Flinn
   blockhouse) came out.
   
   Barnett had married on of the Dawkins girls, and made the first
   improvement where Perry Boggess now lives, two and a half miles above
   Sandyville. After his death, his widow married Moses Hoff.
   
   Jeff Dawkiins lives just above the old house site mentioned above , at
   the mouth of Lunn Camp Run.
   
   The next run on the left is at Meadowdale. Some say the first
   improvement here was by the negro, Felix Jenkins.
   
   Jacob Ingram was living here about 1845, and Jenkins at the Baker farm
   next Sandyville. About 1850, Ingraham went to the Middle Fork of
   Reedy, and later to Ohio.
   
   Jenkins was not a pure negro, but he and his wife were classed as
   colored people. He had several sons and daughters. They moved from
   Right Sandy to the head of Straight Fork.
   
   Felix Jenkins at one time owned two hundred acres on Bush Run,
   comprising the Delaney, McCoy, and a part of the Boggess tracts. He
   hired John Carder to build him a house, in the bottom, at the forks of
   the run, which stood several years, but I think he never moved to it.
   
   About a hundred yards up the rim, above Ingram, was the residence of
   Abel V. Syoc (as the name is written in the deed book at Ripley). He
   was a soldier in the war of 1812, came from Grave Creek to Crooked
   Fork, and from there to Meadowdale, about 1850, perhaps.
   
   He was twice married, his last wife being a daughter of David Rardon.
   
   Big Lick Run comes on the right of Sandy, and a short distance above.
   It has been a wild rough country in the pioneer days. The hills are
   high, steep and rocky. There are imposing cliffs and walls fo
   sandstone lining the sides of a gorge, below the Grant farm, with
   rocks framed in the walls as large as a house. This strata of rocks
   seems to run solid through the hill, and crops out on the right fork
   of Coon Run in a solid wall of rock on each side of the stream, twelve
   to sixteen feet in thickness, through which the valley has been worn
   in the course of centuries. Near the mouth of Trap Run, the left bank
   of the stream is a wall of stone.
   
   The run is named from a spring in the bottom, on the right side of,
   and near the stream a little distance from its mouth. This once famous
   deer lick is only about a hundred yards below the site of John Custers
   cabin, and near the upper line of K. C. Hutchinsons land, and the
   water comes out from under the foot of a towering mountain.


   JOHNSON FAMILY
   
   Squire Ben Johnson, who lived on the Syoc farm for the fourteen years
   next preceding his death, was born in Belmont County, Ohio, in 1838.
   He came to Odaville in 1872, and to Meadowdale ten years later, was a
   Justice of the Peace, and much respected.
   
   Thomas Johnson, a brother, died on Sandy the following September, at
   the age of eighty. Mrs. William Duncan, nee Johnson, who was born in
   1822, and died in 1900, may have been a sister.


   KNOTTS FAMILY
   
   Absalom Knotts lived in Delaware, where Edward Knotts, his son, was
   born, about 1780, or 1785. While yet a young man, Edward Knotts
   migrated to Preston County, where he married and settled. The bride
   was Mary Bryan, a blooming daughter of Maryland.
   
   In 1833, Knotts came to Sandyville, and located on the Harrison land,
   building a little cabin on the right bank of the creek, just below
   where Perry Boggess lives, on what is known as the Joe Leap farm.
   Probably he was only a squatter, at any rate, he had but an insecure
   title to his possession, and only lived there two years. Then,
   abandoning his claim, he moved to Palestine, at the mouth of Reedy,
   where he died at about eighty years of age. When Knotts first came to
   Sandy, he, his sons John, then a lad of fifteen, and an older brother,
   came out in the spring, built a cabin, cleared a patch, and planted it
   in corn. The father then returned to Preston County and brought the
   family out in the fall, while the boys stayed and tended the crop.
   
   When they came, there were no roads, only trails or tracks cut through
   the heavy beech woods along the creek, from the "clearing" of one
   settler to that of the next.
   
   His "moving" brought the first four horse team ever driven on Sandy.
   At that time, Knotts' "opening" was the picket post of civilization.
   All the head of the creek above being yet a wilderness, the home of
   bears, panthers, wolves, and other "wild varmints" too "tedious to
   mention". There was a little colony at the Three Forks of Reedy, and
   Mill Creek valley was thinly settled along the creek, as far up as the
   mouth of Little Creek, but there were no roads, and but little
   communication between the colonies. Reedy found an outlet by way of
   Elizabeth, and Spring Creek by the mouth of Mill Creek.
   
   "Uncle John" Knotts, my informant, said they went to mill to a horse
   mill kept by a man named Ables "away out towards Ripley". This must
   have been when water was low in the latter part of the summer, as
   there were mills at an early date at Runner's, at Sheppard's Ford, and
   near the mouth of Beatty's Run.
   
   When asked what kind of schoolhouses they had, Mr. Knotts reply was
   "Didn't have none".
   
   It was a rather lonely life in the forests for the boys. Uncle John
   remembered one night especially, when he had to "bide by himself". His
   brother had taken the team to the river for some seedwheat, with which
   to sow the corn patch of a few acres, they had cleared around the
   house, expecting to be back before nightfall.
   
   The sun, however, sank behind the western hilltops, and the shadows of
   coming night gathered among the beech and sugar trees, as the boy
   anxiously watched down creekward, but no welcome sight of horses or
   man appeared. Slowly the shadows deepened into darkness, and still no
   brother came. Reluctantly, the lad left his port on the yard fence as
   night settled down, maintaining, however, his stand in the cabin door,
   until the wolves gathered in the woods around, making the night
   hideous with their howls, when he took the dog inside for company, and
   to keep him safe. He shut and barred the door and sat down by the fire
   to wait.
   
   The early fall nights were chill and damp, and the boy had built a
   "rattling big" fire, when, to his dismay, he discovered the flames
   which were leaping up the backwall and dancing in the throat of the
   chimney, had set fire to the wooden mantle rock. Here was a new
   dilemma. Something had to be done, and done at once. Which was better,
   to face the wolves and be gobbled raw, or stay inside and be roasted
   before being eaten? It didn't take him long to decide that question.
   Seizing a pail, he threw the door open and made a dash for the creek,
   some four or five rods distant. So scared and excited was he that he
   never knew how he crossed the fence, whether he jumped over or fell
   over, but he got the water and extinguished the fire all right.
   
   The brother had been delayed until so late an hour that he did not
   return until the next day. Though the wolves continued their serenade
   all night, no more untoward happenings came that way.
   
   John Knotts, who, it will be remembered, went to Palestine in 1835,
   married Mary Jane Coe, on Lower Reedy, and went to Calhoun County,
   where relatives were living, staying there just fifteen years to a
   day.
   
   He returned to Palestine, but about the beginning of the Civil war,
   moved to Limestone hill, near where Sandy Pond Creek and Tucker's
   Creek have their source, continuing his residence for many years.
   
   He died at the age of about eighty nine.
   
   Joseph Knotts and Mary Knotts, his wife, were members of the first
   Methodist Church in Washington District, Calhoun County, in 1836.
   
   In 1840, Joseph Knotts united with the first Baptist Church, organized
   at Arnoldsburg, Calhoun County.
   
   He was probably the half brother of Edward Knotts, who was the father
   of Absalom Knotts, a distinguished lawyer of Calhoun, who once
   represented his county in the House of Delegates. His daughter married
   Pres Short.
   
   Rufus Knotts, a brother of Absalom, lived on Henry's Fork. His first
   wife was a daughter of Edward Knotts, his second, a sister of "Chat"
   Riddle.


   A JACKSON COUNTY FLOOD
   
   The night of the eighteenth of July, 1889 will be ever memorable in
   the history of Wood, Wirt and Jackson Counties. There was a cloud
   burst, it is claimed, over Limestone hill, which poured the waters
   down the streams like it was pouring out of some gigantic vessel, but
   it could not have been the storm was of too long duration. Pond Creek,
   Left Sandy and Tucker's Creek were many feet higher than ever thought
   of before. Many houses and buildings were washed away, and probably
   fifteen or twenty persons drowned.
   
   Houses standing by small streams were carried off, and buildings far
   from the banks of the creek were swept from their foundations by the
   fury of the tumultuous torrent.
   
   Some claim a straight raise of twenty five feet on the upper waters of
   these streams, which is probably far higher than a correct estimate.
   
   In September, 1890, I saw at the mouth of Penike, on Pond Creek, a
   drift of rails, logs and debris, which had been formed the night of
   the flood and was still piled up into the tops of the low trees which
   lined the bank of the creek.
   
   On Reedy, the waters were not so high, the main storm passing to the
   north.
   
   The weather had been wet for some days, and about six o'clock in the
   evening, a cloud arose in the west, passing around to the north, and
   followed by another, and another, and another, moving slowly and
   majestically, each one closer than the last.
   
   With dark came vivid flashes of red, coppery lighting, and a
   continuous roll of thunder, and by eight, the storm was on.
   
   For over three hours, the room was never dark, and the sound of the
   thunder never ceased even for an instant.
   
   By midnight, the worst was over, and at daylight, the waters were run
   down.
   
   I visited Reedy the next forenoon, and found a scene of mud and
   litter, side walks were floated off, or edged against the buildings in
   long sections. The water had been up in the houses, and johnboats were
   plying in the lowgrounds.


   UPPER SANDY VALLEY
   
   In the month of June, 1782, there lived in the village of Clarksburg,
   a man named Charles Washburn, who, while chopping wood in his yard,
   was shot by a party of Indians lurking in the vicinity. One fellow
   more venturesome than the others, rushed up to the dying man, cleft
   his skull with an axe, and, quickly scalping the body, made his escape
   with the bloody trophy.
   
   Three of the Washburn brothers had formerly been killed by the
   savages: Isaac, who was shot on Hackers Creek in 1778, and James and
   Stephen, who were waylaid, while hunting for pine knots for making
   shoe wax, near their home on West Fork. Stephen was shot and scalped,
   and James was carried off to their town, where he was put to death by
   cruel torture.
   
   Charles Washburns widow, who before her marriage was Nancy Lowther,
   was afterward wedded to William Carder, who was living "near below"
   the mouth of Hackers Creek (as my informant expressed it) when on the
   25th of July, 1794, his place was raided by the Indians. Though the
   savages were repulsed, they burned the house and drove off the stock.
   This was the last depradation committed in that section.
   
   The history of some of William Carders descendants is, for the most
   part, the early history of Upper Sandy.
   
   His father, says family tradition, was a rope maker by profession,
   while living in England. He and a friend and comrade named Hyre,
   crossed the ocean and located together on a large tract of land they
   held in partnership.
   
   Carder had the most perfect confidence in his friend, and they were,
   it is said, "just like two twin brothers." But, alas for trust in
   "mortal man!" As is too often the case, this friend proved
   treacherous, and taking advantage of the perfect reliance the other
   place in him, swindled him out of nearly all that he possessed, and
   left him old, infirm and poor, to drift about the country and into a
   grave in the potters field.
   
   Carder was a deeply religious man, and withal, it appears, something
   of a prophet, for it is said he told Hyre that his ill gotten gains
   would not profit him much, for he and his family would be stricken
   with blindness. In a few years both Hyre and his sons and sons-in-law
   were stone blind.
   
   William Carder had several children. Among them were:
   
   John Wesley, who married Margaret Smith.
   
   Manley.
   
   Elizabeth, who married Thomas Washburn.
   
   Nancy, who married John Stutler.
   
   William, whose last wife was Priscilla Butcher.
   
   John Wesley Carder was born and reared in Harrison County. He married,
   and lived there until his older children were married and had homes of
   their own. He then, early in the winter of 1838 or 9, decided to
   follow his brother-in-law, Washburn, to the fertile valley of Big
   Sandy Creek in the new County of Jackson.
   
   Washburn had preceded him by several years, and now Carder, Stutler,
   and a neighbor by the name of Cheuvront, packed their rude belongings
   and followed him to the new West, where land could be had at a nominal
   price and game was yet abundant. Stutler, it is said, came by the
   overland route, arriving sometime in January. Carder and Cheuvront
   took the long way by water, down the West Fork past Clarksburg, and
   down the Monongahela by way of Pittsburgh, and the Ohio River to
   Ravenswood, reaching their new home in April.
   
   Carder was an expert blacksmith and gunsmith, a craft always in demand
   in a pioneer settlement. His patronage came from many miles in every
   direction. He and his boys were successful trappers, and famous as
   hunters, and prospered in their agricultural pursuits.
   
   He bought a large boundary of land, and located on the present site of
   Liverpool. But, living at first in a squatters cabin near the site of
   Mr. T. I. Hartleys residence. Later, he built a log house practically
   on the site of Hartleys house, perhaps a little nearer to the well.


   CARDER FAMILY
   
   John Wesley Carder was a son of William Carder, and he married
   Margaret Smith, who lived on Two Lick Run in Harrison County. They
   came to Jackson county in 1838 or 9. Their children were:
   
   William, married "Liz" Slusser of Harrison County.
   
   George, married a Bailey in Harrison County.
   
   Eliza, married William L. Smith, son of John V. Smith.
   
   Ephraim Patton, married Jane Carney, daughter of Spence Carney.
   
   John Smith Carder married Huldah Rowley on Sandy.
   
   Geoffrey Carder married Julia Welch, sister of Lew Wolfe's wife.
   
   Susan Carder married Thomas Hartley, and lived on the home farm.
   
   Elizabeth Carder, married John V. Smith, as his third wife.
   
   Anderson Carder, died about 1855.
   
   Margaret Carder, died at Ripley before the war.
   
   Bill Carder at one time lived on the Amos Mitchell place at the head
   of Poplar Fork of Little Creek, which he bought from Thomas Hartley,
   but failed to pay out on. His wife died in 1906, at the home of her
   daughter, on Little Creek. She lived alone several years, while an old
   woman, in a little old round log cabin on the head of Trace Fork. I
   passed the spot last autumn (1907). The cabin, which is of birch and
   poplar logs, and about 14 by 6 feet in its outside dimensions, is
   still standing, but the clapboards are torn off in places, and lie
   scattered over the roof and around the yard. The cobble stone chimney
   has fallen down. There has been a door in the front wall, reaching
   from the sill to the first rib, with an opening sawed out with the
   door logs for a half size 8 by 10 window. Now both are gone, leaving a
   gaping vacancy. The cabin and its occupant grew old together, but the
   hut lasted the longest by a few years. It is situated just below the
   mouth of a little brook, with trees, bushes and clambering vines all
   around.
   
   George Carder was a Methodist preacher in Harrison County.
   
   Eliza Carder married William L. Smith, the only child of John V. Smith
   by his first marriage. Smith went to Illinois, where he enlisted in
   the Union Army, and died at Lexington, Kentucky.
   
   Ephraim Patton, known to all as "Pat" Carder, was one of the most
   noted deer hunters and marksmen of Jackson County. He shot the first
   deer killed by any of the Carder family after they came to Sandy, at a
   Lick Spring below George Delaney's, which event gave to the stream the
   name of Buck Run.
   
   The winter of 1855 was one of exceptional severity, and it is related
   by unimpeachable witnesses that Pat Carder had the carcasses of fifty
   five deer he had killed all piled at the same time on the porch at
   Thomas Hartley's, where J.W. Hartley now lives. No need of a
   refrigerator and no danger of loss while the weeks of continuous
   freezing weather lasted. The venison was taken to Pittsburg for sale.
   
   Mr. Ephraim Carder, a nephew of Patton's, thus describes the process
   of making "jerked venison," an article much in demand among the early
   settlers on their long hunting expeditions, owing to its nourishing
   qualities and the convenience in carrying.
   
   First a fire was kindled and a great pile of the thick, heavy bark of
   a dry oak was piled on, and left until reduced to a heap of glowing
   coals, which would retain their heat for a long time. Then venison
   hams were sliced into thin strips, which were strung on ramrods or
   smooth hickory sticks, and carefully dried over the coals. This jerk
   would keep indefinitely, was easy to carry, could be chewed on the
   march, and afforded much nutriment.
   
   Mr. Carder once sold a two bushel sack of dried venison at Ravenswood
   for 12 ½ cents per pound.
   
   He also described the manner in which they used to carry salt on pack
   horses from Charleston over the rough forest paths to Harrison County.
   Naturally, when it was so precious an article and so difficult to
   obtain, there was little salt used. Mr. Carder told me he had heard
   this uncle, John Stutler, wish he could get "a piece of corn pone
   without any salt in it, it would be so good."
   
   It is said that during the Civil War Patton Carder spent a good part
   of his time in guerilla warfare. He had a camp under a rock in the
   hollow above where Mr. Ferman Dawkins now lives (1906) on the head of
   Big Run, where, it is said, he would hide for weeks at a time when the
   Yankees had possession of Spencer and the neighboring country. He had
   a famous long range deer gun, with which, it is said, Boone was killed
   during the siege of Spencer, in the Court House cupola. The shooting
   (not by Carder, however) being done from the hill above the old mill -
   a distance of not less than 200 yards.
   
   The rifle now is in the possession of W.D. Shafer, who lives on the
   old Carder place on the right fork of Buck Run. I have handled the
   weapon myself, and would imagine that it has been, as an old man once
   described it, a "honey darlin." It has a barrel, originally six feet
   long, but now cut off to five feet 8 inches, and is very heavy. The
   diameter of the muzzle is 1 1/8 inches, and the caliber, 7/16ths of an
   inch.
   
   John Smith Carder (probably named for his uncle, who was drowned at
   Reedy in the Trim flood, July 16, 1874) lived after his marriage on
   the Adams farm on Trace Fork for a time, and then moved to land he had
   bought on Joe's Run.
   
   "Jeff" Carder lived on the Arnold farm above Liverpool, where he was
   the first settler.
   
   Ephraim (Uncle Eph) Carder was born in Harrison County in 1837. He was
   brought to Sandy by one of his uncles when two or three years old, and
   about two years after his grandfather and family had come. He was
   brought up by Smith Carder, living with him through the years of his
   early youth. Mr. Carder now lives on a small stream which enters
   Little Trace where his father-in-law, Gary McPherson, had died several
   years ago. This was about a mile from the mouth of Little Trace.
   
   Uncle Eph is a good conversationalist, interesting to listen to, and
   entirely reliable in all his statements. I will here give a few
   reminiscences as related to me one day in the winter of 1905:


   LAST WILD GAME ON SANDY
   
   Some time during the winter of 1845 or 6, Geoffrey and Anderson Carder
   concluded they would go out one morning to see if they could find a
   bear. There was a good tracking snow, and they hoped to start game
   among the oak and pignut trees of the neighboring hills. They climbed
   the point at the present site of Tibble's hotel, and followed the
   ridge south of where the railroad now is, for some distance, when one
   of them discovered a track in the snow, and called jovially, "Here's
   Josh Parsons' track," (A kind of club footed man who lived on Reedy)
   "now".
   
   They started off in pursuit, following the tracks down into the run at
   the "Bear Lick", about a half mile up towards Reedy. Leaving the trail
   here, they went down home and got their father, a noted deer hunter,
   and the dogs.
   
   They returned and followed the bear tracks over on Cabin Run. About
   four hundred rods above where Jeff Anderson's house now is, near some
   big rocks, Geoffrey, who was leading in the pursuit, was startled by
   seeing the bear rear up just ahead of him. Quickly recovering his
   presence of mind, he raised his gun, a short shotgun which had been
   adapted to ball shooting, and fired. The bullet at the short range
   passed through the animal's body. The bear ran down to the foot of the
   hill, where the dogs caught it, and the rest of the party, coming up,
   it was quickly dispatched. Uncle Eph distinctly remembers seeing them
   bring it in. This was the last bear killed in that part of the
   country.
   
   The last wolves seen in this section was a nest of wolf pups Anderson
   Carder found in a hollow poplar in the cove above where J. W. Conner
   lived, on the head of left fork of Buck Run, in 1843.
   
   The last deer Mr. Carder knew of being killed in the vicinity was a
   good sized buck which Smith Carder's boys chased with dogs, and killed
   on Joe's Run, about 1883. This was forty years after the wolves had
   disappeared. The state bounty paid for wolf scalps about 1840 resulted
   in the complete wiping out of those animals within a few years.
   
   Uncle Eph was himself famous as a deer hunter, and killed two or three
   deer on Joe's Run as late as 1880.
   
   I have myself seen the spot where Mr. William Hoffman shot and killed
   a deer on the head of the left fork of Buck Run. This was about 1870,
   I think, and the gun used was an old fashioned muzzle loading rifle.
   The distance must have been 100 yards or more.
   
   When Mr. Carder's mother was living in the Jenkins' cabin at the forks
   of Buck Run, some dogs ran a deer down from the hill into a hole of
   water in the stream by the house. The animal was exhausted, and was so
   slow climbing the steep bank from the stream that the woman sallied
   forth and killed it with a poking stick.
   
   Another woman, Mrs. Lucinda Bush, in 1871, killed a deer with a
   butcher knife, the hounds having chased the animal and caught it in
   front of her house on Left Reedy opposite Beech Grove.
   
   Joe Davis and his brother, Abe, sons of Bill Davis, the squatter, were
   out hunting one day somewhere in the Big Run woods. They separated,
   one taking each side of the hill, thinking to run across deer
   somewhere. One of them shot a large buck from off the end of a point,
   but only wounded it, and the animal ran back around the spur, again
   passing close to him - but it looked so "ugly" that instead of
   shooting again, David hid behind a log until it had passed. A wounded
   deer, if turned at bay was quite a formidable antagonist.
   
   Mr. Carder remembers killing two wild turkeys but the birds were
   scarce and wary. The dogs would tree them, but they would stretch
   their necks downward to watch, and if they saw the hunter point a gun
   toward them, would fly before he had time to take aim and pull the
   trigger.
   
   It is said that a wild turkey was hard to kill unless shot in the head
   or neck, as the feathers of the body would turn a rifle ball if the
   shot were the least bit glancing.
   
   Uncle Eph related another hunting yarn, which I think it might be well
   to insert here. "Grandpap" Carder was out hunting one day among the
   hills near Liverpool, when it commenced raining, and increased, until
   he was forced to take shelter which he did, on the lower side of a
   large tree which was bent like a sled crook" about ten feet from the
   ground.
   
   The old man placed his back against the truck of the tree and by
   standing straight could keep tolerably dry. He soon, however, became
   aware of a buzzing, humming noise, and investigation disclosed that a
   large colony of bees had built their comb in the crook of the tree
   over his head. Afterward, he raided the unique hive, securing a half
   bushel of comb honey.
   
   When Ephraim Carder was a boy he lived with his uncle, Smith Carder,
   who lived for a time at the Roy cabin, which stood by a spring below
   the mouth of Cabin Run, and afterwards was a tenant on Dr. Adams place
   on Trace Fork.
   
   Uncle Eph's first experience in an educational line was under the
   guidance of a man named Schlagle, who taught in an old cabin at the
   narrows below the mouth of Fallen Timber. Carder was small, and the
   path was through a swampy bottom, so he did not go much. His next
   teacher was George Winkler, a "Dutchman" who talked very broken
   English. He kept school in a little cabin which had been built for a
   school house near the John Anderson house about a half mile up Fallen
   Timber. This was about 1848. The school house was of the traditional
   type, round logs, rib roof, dirt floor, and fireplace in the end.
   There were about sixteen or eighteen pupils, and the tuition fee was
   $2.50 per scholar for a term of three months. The branches taught were
   "readin', spellin' (Webster's Elementary Speller) and slates."
   Winkler, the teacher, boarded at Carder's at Liverpool, and held night
   sessions in the black smith shop, candles being used for illumination.
   Children came from as far as Turkey Fork.
   
   Anderson Carder taught a term of school at a cabin near the site of
   the Oak Grove school house, which, Mr. Carder said, was the "only
   school that ever done him much good."


   STUTLER
   
   John Stutler, who came before Carder, settled in the woods at what is
   now known as Warfield Run, building his camp at the mouth of the first
   little hollow which comes in on the left. When he came in 1839 (says
   Chris Stutler, Carder makes the date a year earlier) there was but one
   permanent improvement on the creek above the Knotts' cabin, mentioned
   elsewhere, that of old Tommy Washburn at the mouth of the run where
   the late Seldon Hutchinson lived.
   
   Stutler and his wife, the Washburns, Carders and others of the old
   pioneers, are buried in the old graveyard on the point between Rush
   Run and Fallen Timber.
   
   For an account of the Stutler family, see the History of Reedy Valley.


   WASHBURN
   
   Washburn came out some years earlier than Carder and Stutler. He died
   at home at the mouth of the Washburn Run, and the family scattered -
   mostly going to Ohio.
   
   He had sons, Isaac, Elias and William, and two daughters, Clarissa,
   who married Joe Murphy, and Sally, who married Joe Davis, and lived on
   Copper Fork.


   HARTLEY FAMILY
   
   There was a colony of squatters who came from Sheppard's Fork of Reedy
   and located in the woods on the head of the right fork of Sandy,
   several years before Carder came to the place.
   
   There were three families: John Hartley's, William Roy's and John V.
   Smith.
   
   John Hartley was an Englishman. He married Mollie Roy, a sister of the
   old man Roy. He was living on Sheppard's Fork at an early day in that
   settlement.
   
   After coming to Sandy, he first built at the mouth of Rush Run and
   later at the site of A. L. Carmichael's house at the mouth of Cabin
   Run. Of John Hartley's children, I find:
   
   Thomas Hartley, married Mollie Carr. He lived around Liverpool for
   awhile, and later went to Syracuse, Ohio. Peter Hartley, who lived on
   the head of Sandy, was their son.
   
   Abby Hartley, late in life married Levi Snyder. She lived at the mouth
   of Cabin Run.
   
   Lucinda Hartley, married Lige Redmond (Records at the Wood County
   Court House say "Elijah" Redmond.)
   
   Another Harley who figured in the history of Upper Sandy Valley,
   Thomas Hartley, a grandson of John Hartley, who had been raised by J.
   W. Calder, and married his daughter, Susan Carder.
   
   After his marriage Thomas Hartley went to Blue Creek, where he lived a
   few years; then returning, he bought all the land on Little Trace Fork
   above the Geoffrey Carder line, which was at the lower end of what is
   now George Kuhl's orchard. Afterward, he bought the Mitchell farm on
   the hill. There was left a long wedge shaped tract between Hartley and
   the "Harrison Line," afterward purchased by Bruce Parsons.
   
   The Mitchell tract he bought of Michael C. Rader. Subsequently he sold
   it first to Bill Carder and then to Strader Cook, neither of whom paid
   for it. Finally, about 1860, Marshall Mitchell bought and paid for the
   land.
   
   When Hartley first came to his new home, sometime in the late Forties,
   there was "not a stick amiss," on the whole boundary. He built his
   cabin in the dark shade of the forest trees, and both he and his wife
   sat to work with a hearty good will and soon had quite an opening
   made.
   
   After the death of his father in law, they got the home place.
   Meanwhile Anderson Carder had bought a piece of land acquired by
   George Smith at a court sale, which included all that part of T. I.
   Hartley's farm below the Oak Grove school house, as well as the whole
   of the Davis farm. This, Hartley also bought - thus owning all the
   land on the stream except the Geoffrey Carder tract.
   
   Hartley built the Ravenswood and Spencer pike in 1851 and 2, while his
   wife spun yarn, and, with the children, worked the farm and maintained
   the family. She made rails, and fenced five or six acres of ground,
   including a large part of what is now Mr. Kuhl's farmstead, and the
   children dug "mints of 'seng,' as one of them expressed it. Thus she
   kept the family while the father earned money to but the Anderson
   Carder land.
   
   But flying time brings changes to us all, and though they lived to see
   their family grow up and scatter like birdlings from the nest, it was
   but a few brief years until they were both slumbering under the oak
   trees which encircle the quiet Liverpool graveyard.
   
   Susan Carder Hartley was born in 1823, died in 1880.
   
   Thomas Hartley was born about 1824, died about 1893.
   
   It is said that Thomas Hartley built and set up on the run east of
   Soap Hill near Ravenswood the first portable saw mill ever brought to
   Jackson County, and the first mill run by steam.
   
   Strader Hartley owned the Batten farm at Duncan. Married Catherine
   Hall. He "deadened the bottom" on his farm, built a house, and moved
   on it. He was in the Confederate Army.
   
   Clarissa Sheppard said there was a John Carr or Karr living on the
   creek opposite where Hite Sheppard lived, when she was small. Hite
   Sheppard, however, has no recollection, he says, of any such name.


   ROY FAMILY
   
   William Roy built at the spring below the mouth of Cabin Run, near
   where a little rivulet crosses the road, and not far from the present
   site of Ed. Nuzum's house. His wife (the Rev. M.B. Edmondson thinks)
   was a full sister of Reuben Full of Right Reedy.
   
   Rev. Edmondson said that there was a John Roy living across from the
   mouth of Buffalo on Reedy above Palestine, who "looked enough like
   Reuben Full, Jr., to be his brother."
   
   From different sources, more or less reliable, I gleaned the
   following:
   
   William Roy married a Full. Their children were:
   
   William, married on Somerville Fork.
   
   Larkin.
   
   John, moved to Leatherwood, Kanawha County.
   
   Sudnor, married a Conrad, and then Jim Smith, as his second wife.
   
   James and Betsy were other children.


   SMITH FAMILY
   
   For the history of John V. Smith's father, see History of Reedy
   Valley. John V. Smith's first wife was a Hardman. They only had one
   child, William L., who married Eliza Carder, and went west. He died in
   the Union Army.
   
   Smith's second wife was Annie Hartley. She died on Big Run, where E.L.
   Waybright now lives, in 1845. Afterwards, Smith married Betsy Carder,
   Ephraim Carder's mother. The most of the family went west after the
   war. The Smith children were:
   
   S. Foley Smith, married a Magee. Went to Arkansas.
   
   James E. Smith, married a Winkler, and went to Arkansas.
   
   Owen Brown Smith, married Margaret Mills in Meigs County, Ohio.
   
   John H. Smith went to California "to dig gold."
   
   Margaret Smith, married a brother of Chris Stutler. He died in the
   Confederate Army.
   
   Mary Jane Smith, married Simon Stutler, a cousin to Chris.
   
   Sarah E. Smith, married George Ables, and lived at Syracuse, Ohio.
   
   Harriet H. Smith, married Jabez Spring, and lives in Ohio.
   
   Henry Smith lived on Elk Fork of Mill Creek.


   VANNOY DUNCAN
   
   Henry Vannoy was a son of John Vannoy, and lived on the point above
   the mouth of Warfield Run. He was a Justice of the Peace, and at the
   time of his death a few years ago, he weighed 425 pounds.
   
   William Duncan, who lived here some years ago, was probably a
   connection of the Warfields, who came from Noble County, Ohio, after
   the war.
   
   The run opposite the village of Duncan was known as Trap Run, and the
   larger stream coming in on the same side, above, was called Coon Run.
   Both were uncleared until a comparatively recent date.
   
   John M. McCartles saw mill boiler exploded on the head of the right
   fork of Coon Run, about the fall of1890, but no one was killed.


   HUTCHINSON FAMILY
   
   As previously stated, Thomas Washburn made the first improvement on
   the Hutchinson farm. After his death the land was sold for taxes, and
   bought by Nathan Hutchinson.
   
   David O. Hutchinson, who married Warren Reeds daughter and lived on
   the New Era farm in 1854, and the father of the late John A.
   Hutchinson, the brilliant Parkersburg attorney and politician, were
   Nathans brothers.
   
   Nathans sons, Seldon and Albert Hutchinson, "batched"on the land about
   the beginning of the war. It is said Sel Hutchinson first came out
   when he was fifteen years old, or about 1855 or 6.
   
   Seldon married a daughter of M.A. Seaman of Reedy, and lived on the
   Washburn farm. Albert lived on the first place below, and a younger
   brother, Kenner, bought the Ingram farm at Meadowdale.


   HARPER-COE
   
   Later owners of the land where Stutler first located were Messrs.
   Harper, Coe and Warfield.
   
   Harper was the father of Samuel and John Harper. Levi Coe was probably
   connected with the family of that name on Lower Reedy. He died, and is
   buried at Liverpool. He came to Duncan after the war and lived on the
   farm at the turn of the road below Warfield Run. Danger Camp or Defeat
   Camp was the pioneer name of the steam, so given because of a hunters
   camp, which was destroyed here by Indians before the country was
   settled.


   BAKER
   
   The first settler of whom I have any account at the mouth of Fallen
   Timber and Rush Run after Hartley and his daughter, was Elijah Baker.
   He was born in 1815, and died February 12, 1896, aged eighty years. He
   was a son of John Baker, who lived below the mouth of Conrads Run, on
   Reedy. He married Nancy Wolfe, a daughter of James Wolfe, who settled
   at the mouth of Elk Fork, on Mill Creek, soon after she was born.
   
   Nancy Baker was born in 1815, and died June 30, 1902, at the age of
   eighty seven years.
   
   Baker settled here many years ago. He kept a country store at the
   mouth of Rush Run several years, and was the first Postmaster at
   Leroy. When I first knew the country, he lived on the hill above the
   road, where Mike Tatterson now resides. He was a strong Union man, and
   had a child killed about the beginning of the war.


   SNYDER FAMILY
   
   Another family who lived in this section before the war, though not
   pioneers, were the Snyders, Levi, Ben and Henry, who came from Preston
   County.
   
   Levi Snyder came to Jackson County and lived on Mill Creek. Later he
   married Abby Hartley, and the family moved to the neighborhood of
   Ripley. His son, Burris Snyder, was in Company "F" 4th W. Va. Cavalry,
   and two nephews, Nimrod and Elias Snyder, sons of Henry Snyder, were
   in the "11th W.Va. Infantry".
   
   Ben Snyder, another brother of Levi, built a cabin on the high point
   on the left of Little Creek, just below the Widow Logans place.
   
   There was a Snyder (some say Ben, others, Tom) lived in the Jenkins
   cabin at the forks of Buck Run during or after the war.
   
   Tom Snyder lived on Wolf Pen or Patterson Run at onetime, where he
   made a two-man hand mill which was of great benefit to the
   neighborhood. It is possible that he lived on the Warren place.
   
   The Snyders lived in various places in the neighborhood of Liverpool
   for several years. There is another family of the same name in the
   vicinity of Mill Creek and Sandy, who I think are not related.
   
   Sometime about 1850, Joseph Smith, afterward a prominent lawyer of
   Jackson County and Judge of the Circuit Court, bought 2,000 acres of
   land, including the Burroughs farm, all the lower part of Buck Run,
   the Warren and Patterson farms, also most of the land on the pike
   above Liverpool. He moved on the land which he contemplated turning
   into a tobacco plantation. He hired a great boundary cleared, and
   planted it in tobacco, building several large log tobacco barns but
   either the project was not a success or he lacked what the Germans
   call "ausdauer"to push it to successful results. Perhaps the coming of
   the clouds of war caused him to leave the place. In any case, the
   undertaking fell through with.
   
   In 1868, Mr. James Tibble, who had come to Jackson County from Athens
   County, Ohio, in 1864, after a short stay at Ravenswood and Ripley,
   bought a part of the land and moved on it. He lived in the house at
   the mouth of Buck Run until his death in March, 1901, in his eighty
   first year.
   
   The land at the mouth of Little Trace was bought by Anderson Carder
   from George W. Smith. Later he sold it to Thomas Hartley, as before
   mentioned. There was an extensive sugar camp in the bottom at the
   forks of the creek, and thousands of pounds of sugar have been made
   there. Later a smaller camp was opened in the bottom in front of the
   Dave Hill house below the Arnold line.
   
   There was an old house on the land, said to be haunted. Mr. John
   Hartley told me that once he was passing the house, which was then
   vacant, at night, and as he came in sight a light was shining through
   the cracks between the logs, as though there were a fire or other
   light inside but when he came close, all was dark and silent.


   MCPHERSON
   
   The McPherson family, who live on the head of Little Trace, are
   descendants of James McPherson, who came from Loudoun County,
   Virginia. They were of Scotch descent. (For more of the McPherson
   family, see Mill Creek Valley.)
   
   Gary McPherson married Keziah Davis. He lived on the right fork of Big
   Run during the war, and died at a little cabin down in the hollow from
   where Eph Carder now lives. He came to Big Run from Gilmer County,
   in1855. Stephen McPherson on the head of Brushy Fork of Sandy was his
   brother.


   BUTCHER
   
   The Butchers are descendants of one Thomas Butcher who came from
   Claysville in Wood County. "Prissy" Carder was the second wife of
   Thomas Butchers father.


   HOPKINS
   
   The head of Sandy was not settled until a few years before the war,
   when Robert Hopkins, who had married a daughter of John Stalnaker, who
   lived just across the divide on the Right Fork of Reedy, built where
   William Burdett now lives. For the Hopkins family, see History of
   Reedy Valley.
   
   One of the most beautiful spots on the head of Sandy was the deer lick
   on Buck Run, from whence came its name through the killing of a large
   buck at the place by Patton Carder about sixty five years before I
   first saw it in 1905.
   
   The lick is on top of the first bank on the left side of the stream,
   about forty rods below where George Delaney now lives. I first saw it
   in the spring, when Nature had just spread a fresh carpet of green and
   coloring over the face of the earth.
   
   The water came out under a mossy rock, and slipped away over the flat
   and down the bank to the stream, passing between two large beech
   trees, which stood like sentinels over the "lick". A lynn tree had
   been broken down, the log extending from the bank above down over the
   rocks and into the lick below. As if to make amends for the loss, a
   thick cluster of sprouts grown to twenty feet in height had sprung up
   around the stump.
   
   A service tree, full of berries, hung over the spring, into which an
   occasional robin darted with worried hoots because of me, gathering
   the fruit for its early fledglings. The rocks above were white with
   stone crop, and the moist ground was covered with water cress. Spring
   beauties and violets were everywhere and the bees were humming busily
   in a clump of willows where catkins were yellow with pollen.
   
                          (c) 2001 by Betty Briggs
Pioners of Jackson County - The End

 
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